黄瓜株高性状遗传模型分析

以矮生黄瓜D8和蔓生黄瓜JIN5杂交并自交及回交所获得的6个世代(P_1、P_2、F_1、BC_1、BC_2和F_2)为材料,利用主基因+多基因混合数量性状遗传模型对黄瓜株高性状进行遗传分析.黄瓜株高性状的遗传模型适合D-1模型.主基因的加性效应值为31.06,湿性效应值为正向5.76,显性度为0.19,主基因的遗传率变化较大,在BC_1、BC_2和F_2 3个世代的估计值分别为36.88%、61.89%和70.03%,其中以F_2的主基因遗传率最高,BC_1的主基因遗传率最低;多基因的遗传率分刖为9.85%、12.37%和30.61%,F_2的多基因遗传率最低,BC_1的多基因遗传率最高.黄瓜株高性状由主基因和多基因的共同作用决定,其中以主基因遗传为主;在黄瓜育种实践中在早世代对株高选择有效.

Genetic model analysis of plant height in Cucumis sativus L

The method of quantitative traits heredity model was used in the analysis of the genetic effects of cucumber plant height.Six generations of P_1.P_2.F_1,BC_1.BC_2 and F_2 derived from the cross of dwarf line D8 and long vine line JIN5 of cucumber were obtained.The genetic effects of plant height based on the major gene and polygene mixed genetic model were analyzed.The results showed that the heredity of plant height could be explained by D-1 genetic model,which was an additive-dominance major and additive-dominance polygene model.The additive effect value of the major gene was 31.06.The dominance effect value of the major genes was forward 5.76 and the dominant degree was 0.19.The heritability of major gene had a wide rang,in the three generations of BC_1,BC_2 and F_2,the estimated values were 36.88%,61.89% and 70.03%,respectively.The heritability of major gene in F_2 was the highest and the heritability of major gene in BC_1 was the lowest.The heritability of polygene were 9.85%,12.37%and 30.61%,respectively,while F_2 was the lowest and BC1 was the highest.The plant height in cucumber was determined by the combined of major gene and polygene,mainly by the major gene.The selection in early generations may be effective in cucumber breeding.