栽培人参、西洋参不同年限土壤酸碱度和酶活性的变化

通过对人参、西洋参不同栽培年限土壤的pH和酶活性变化的研究,结果表明:随着人参栽培年限的延长,土壤pH先升高后降低,2年生时土壤pH达最高5.94,随后降低;西洋参床土pH先升高,到3年时达最高5.53,随后降低。人参脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶的变化趋势相同,均是先升高后降低,2年生最高分别是0.371mg/g、1.275mL/g、5.550mL/g。多酚氧化酶变化则是先降低后升高,3年生时降为最低8.328 mg/100g。西洋参脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶的变化趋势相同,先增后减,3年生达最高分别为0.315 mg/g、1.032 mL/g、5.065 mL/g。多酚氧化酶的变化则是先逐渐降低,3年生降为最低7.121mg/100g,而后升高。人参床土pH与脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶相关系数分别为0.642 5、0.811、0.9973,呈正相关,其中与过氧化氢酶呈极显著正相关。西洋参床土pH与脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶的相关系数分别为0.4001、0.643 3、0.782 7,亦呈正相关;人参、西洋参pH与多酚氧化酶的相关系数分别为-0.195 4和-0.942 1呈负相关。通过对栽参土壤pH的调控,可直接改变土壤的酶活性,从而可以提供适宜人参生长的土壤状况。

Studies on the Changes of pH and Enzyme Activities in Soils in Different Years of Panax Ginseng C.A.Mey Cropping

Studied on the changes of pH and enzyme activities in soils in different years of panax Ginseng C.A.Mey and American Ginseng cropping.The results showed that:With the extension of life of cultivated Ginseng and American Ginseng,the soil pH first in- creased and then decreased,but reach to the maximum 5.94 at 2-year-old of ginseng and 5.53 at 3-year-old of American Ginseng; The tendency of urease,invertase,catalase of Panax Ginseng soil was the same,which first increased and then decreased,reach to the maximums at 2-year-old by 0.371 mg/g,1.275 mL/g and 5.55 mL/g,but the tendency of polyphenol oxidase first decreased and then increased,and the minimum was at 3-year-old by 8.328 mg/100g ;The tendency of urease,invertase,catalase and polyphenol oxidase of American Ginseng were the same as those of Panax Ginseng,but the maximums of urease,invertase and catalase were at 3-year-old by 0.315 mg/g,1.032 mL/g and 5.065 mL/g in all species,and the minimum of polyphenol oxidase was at 3-year-old by 7.121 mg/100g;the correlation coefficients of soil PH and urease,invertase,catalase of Ginseng were 0.642 5,0.811 0,0.997 3, which were positive,and the correlation coefficient of soil PH and urease invertase,catalase of American Ginseng were 0.400 1,0.643 3, 0.782 7,which were also positive.And that the correlation coefficients of soil PH and polyphenol oxidase of Panax Ginseng and Amer- ican Ginseng were-0.1954 and-0.9421,which were all negative correlation.