劳动力配置对农户收入及收入不均等的影响——基于要素市场发育的视角

为厘清外部市场环境对农户收入增长以及收入分配的影响，本研究利用分位数回归，基于2020年南京农业大学中国土地经济调查数据库(CLES),从要素市场发育的视角探究农户家庭劳动力配置对收入及收入不均等的影响。结果表明：相对于完备的要素市场，市场发育不完备造成的劳动力配置扭曲会对农户收入有显著负向影响；同时将农户分为不同收入组后发现，要素市场发育不完备造成的劳动力配置扭曲对低收入和中等收入组农户的影响更为显著，在一定程度上加剧了农户收入不均等。由此提出以下建议，应当进一步加强农村要素市场建设，优化农户家庭劳动力配置，实现农民收入增长的同时，努力缩小农户内部收入差距。

Impact of labor allocation on farm household income and income inequality: Based on the perspective of factor market development

In order to clarify the impact of the external market environment on farmers'' income growth and income distribution, based on the China Land Economic Survey founded by Nanjing Agricultural University in 2020, the study uses quantile regressions, to establish the impact of labor allocation on farm household income and income inequality in the context of the incomplete development of factor markets. The results show that: Incomplete factor market development has a negative impact on farm household income compared to complete factor market development. At the same time, when farmers are divided into different income groups, the incomplete factor market development displays a more significant impact on farmers in the low- and middle-income groups, which exacerbates the inequality of farmers'' income to a certain extent. Recommendations such as further strengthening the construction of rural factor markets and optimizing the allocation of labor to farm households are put forward to achieve growth in farmers'' income and narrow down the income gap within farm households.