温室多层立体栽培联合补光对生菜产量及品质的影响

针对温室单层栽培模式空间利用率低，资源浪费的问题，以阿奎诺生菜为研究对象，探究温室多层立体栽培结合人工补光模式对生菜产量、品质及电能利用率的影响。试验结果表明:栽培架中层和下层补光处理能显著提高生菜总干物质量。中、下层补光处理下，每增加1%日光照累积量(Daily light integral，DLI)，单位面积产量分别增加0.6%和0.8%。栽培架中层补光处理、下层补光处理和对照上层不补光处理叶片比叶面积(Specific leaf area，SLA)比中层和下层不补光处理更小，即叶片更厚。高光强下生长的叶片在光合能力及光化学成分的形成有明显的促进作用，补光处理下叶片中的可溶性糖含量和叶绿素含量均高于不补光处理。在补光处理下虽然耗电量增加了，但生菜产量也明显提高了，补光处理下的投入/产出值与栽培架最上层不补光处理差异不显著为0.08~0.09 kW·h/g，但均明显高于中、下层不补光处理的0.2~0.3 kW·h/g，而且温室中采用3层栽培模式后，空间利用率提高了2倍。

Effects of multi-layer three-dimensional cultivation combined with artificial lighting on lettuce yield and quality in Greenhouse

To improve space utilization efficiency and save resource in greenhouse with single-layer cultivation system, taking Aquino lettuce as the research object, the effects of greenhouse combined with three-layer cultivation and artificial light supplement on lettuce yield, quality and power utilization rate were studied. The results showed that the total dry matter quality of lettuce could be significantly improved by increasing lighting on the middle-layer and down-layer. Under the treatment of middle-layer and down-layer with artificial light, the yield per unit area respectively increased by 0. 6% and 0. 8% with the increase of 1% DLI(Daily light integral). The specific leaf areas(SLAs)of both middle-layer of down-layer with artificial light and up-layer without artificial light were all smaller than that of middle-layer and down-layer without artificial light, that is, their leaves were thicker. The photosynthetic capacity and the formation of photochemical components of leaves grown under high light intensity were significantly promoted. The total sugar content and chlorophyll content in leaves under supplemental light treatment were higher than those without light supplement treatments. Although the power consumption was increased, the lettuce yield was also significantly increased. The input/output value of light supplement treatments were 0. 08-0. 09 kW·h/g. It was significantly higher than that of 0. 2-0. 3 kW·h/g in the middle and lower layers without artificial light, and the space utilization tripled after adopting three-layer cultivation system in greenhouse.