探讨不同情景下水稻产量和灌溉水生产力的提升方法——以湖北漳河灌区为例

为提升湖北漳河灌区水稻产量和灌溉水生产力(IWP),基于土壤、气象和大田试验数据，利用调参验证后的ORYZA v3水稻模型，模拟不同情景下水稻的产量和灌溉水生产力，并利用ArcGIS 10.2工具，将点尺度的模拟结果扩大到区域尺度，同时结合漳河灌区的土壤类型，综合分析得出适宜于漳河灌区水稻的管理措施组合。结果表明：1)模型率定期和验证期的评价指标均体现出良好的相关性，表明该模型对于漳河灌区水稻的生长模拟体现出较高的精度，具有较好的适应性。2)利用本地化后的ORYZA v3模型模拟分析，选定情景10(灌溉下限为土壤饱和含水率的60%,施氮量为198 kg/hm²,种植密度为4株/穴)为丰水年推荐管理措施组合，可以使产量提升5.28%、IWP提升104.38%;情景7(灌溉下限为土壤饱和含水率的70%,施氮量为198 kg/hm²,种植密度为5株/穴)为平水年推荐管理措施组合，可以使产量提升4.23%、IWP提升74.34%;情景9(灌溉下限为土壤饱和含水率的60%,施氮量为162 kg/hm²,种植密度为4株/穴)为枯水年...

Discussion on ways to improve rice yield and irrigation water productivity under different scenarios: Taking Zhanghe Irrigation Area of Hubei Province as an example

In order to improve rice yield and irrigation water productivity(IWP)in Zhanghe Irrigation Area of Hubei Province, based on the soil data, meteorological data and field test data, a ORYZA v3 rice model verified by parameter adjustment was used to simulate the rice yield and irrigation water productivity under different scenarios. ArcGIS 10. 2 was used to expand the point scale simulation results to the regional scale. Combined with soil types in Zhanghe Irrigation Area, the appropriate combination of rice management measures was obtained through comprehensive analysis. The results showed that: 1)The evaluation indicators of the model rate period and the validation period all showed good correlation, indicating that the model had high accuracy and good adaptability for rice growth simulation in Zhanghe Irrigation Area. 2)A localized ORYZA v3 model was used for simulation analysis. Scenario 10(The lower limit of irrigation is 60% of soil saturated water content, the amount of nitrogen application is 198 kg/hm², and the planting density is 4 plants/hole)was selected as the recommended combination of management measures in wet years, which increased yield and IWP by 5. 28% and 104. 38%, respectively; Scenario 7(The lower limit of irrigation is 70% of the soil saturated water content, the amount of nitrogen application is 198 kg/hm², and the planting density is 5 plants/hole)was a combination of recommended management measures in normal year, which increased yield and IWP by 4. 23% and 74. 34%, respectively; Scenario 9(The lower limit of irrigation is 60% of soil saturated water content, the amount of nitrogen application is 162 kg N/hm², and the planting density is 4 plants/hole)was a combination of recommended management measures in dry years, which increased yield and IWP by 1. 60% and 146. 79%, respectively. 3)The influence of different soil textures was considered in the model running process. The 60% to 70% of soil saturated water content as the lower limit of irrigation was recommended for farm fields with clay soil texture. In conclusion, a reasonable multi-factor synergistic configuration scheme was built in this study, which provided a corresponding scientific basis for water efficiency improvement in modern irrigation areas and the realization of local high-efficiency planting.