灌溉制度对冬小麦产量结构形成与产量物质来源的影响

以冀麦26为材料，在田间条件下研究了灌溉制度对小麦产量结构形成产量物质来源的影响。结果表明：单期灌溉的单位面积粒数，以拔节期灌水的最高，灌水时期向前或向后推移，其单位面积数均下降，呈现倒“V”定型变化；粒重与此相反，以拔节期灌水的为最低，灌水时期向前或向后推移，粒重均增高，呈现“V”字型变化。灌水对产量物质来源的影响表现为：灌水次数，总灌水量大的，产量物质来源对开花后的物质生产依赖性大；反之，灌水数少，灌水量小，产量物质来源对开发前暂贮物质的依赖则强，此外，本文还根据试验结果，讨论了小麦节水栽培的对策问题。

Effects of Irrigation on Yield Components and Grain Carbohydrate Sources of Winter Wheat

The effects of irrigation on yield components and grain carbohydrate sources of the winter wheat cultivator “Jimai 26” were studied under field conditions. Irrigation at jointing stage led to the highest grain number per unit area and the lowest grain weight, while irrigation at earlier or later stages led to lower grain number per unit area and higher grain weight. As irrigation times and quotas increased, contribution of carbohydrates accumulated after the flowering stage to grain yield increased. As irrigation times and quotas decreased, contribution of carbohydrates produced before flowering increased. In addition, water-saving strategies for winter wheat production were also discussed.