中国农业绿色生产效率的区域差异及其影响因素分析

为探讨我国农业绿色生产效率的现状及其形成机理,综合运用生产函数、GIS、泰尔指数等方法对中国农业绿色生产效率的区域差异及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:1)中国农业绿色生产效率呈缓慢上升趋势,但总体仍然偏低,高效率省份上升幅度较小,低效率省份增长幅度较大。2)中国农业绿色生产效率区域差异明显,效率高值省份主要分布于东南沿海地区和西部部分省份,而低效率省份则集中分布于华北平原地区,呈现由中部向南和向北增加的空间分布特征。3)由泰尔指数分析可知,中国农业绿色生产效率区域差异呈总体缩小态势,区域内差异对总体差异影响较大。4)人均GDP对西部等经济欠发达地区农业绿色生产效率的影响相对较大,而中、东部地区则更易受到劳动力素质的影响,农业科研投资和农作物受灾面积分别对东北和西部地区农业绿色生产效率的影响最为强烈,农业政策的实施效果由东部向西部增强。

Agricultural green technical efficiency and its affecting factors in China

Based on the condition and mechanism of China''s agricultural green technical efficiency,the regional differences and affecting factors of China''s agricultural green technical efficiency were analyzed by using production function,GIS related analysis techniques and Theil Index.The results showed that:1) The average agricultural green technical efficiency in China kept increasing annually at low level.The trends of agricultural green technical efficiency showed that low value areas increased faster than in high value areas.2) The overall difference of agricultural green technical efficiency in China was obvious.The high value of agricultural green technical efficiency mainly distributed in southeastern coastal areas and western provinces,while the low value of agricultural green technical efficiency tended to distribute in North China Plain,which basically presenting a spatial pattern increasing from middle areas of China to its north and south.3) The Theil index indicated that the overall difference of agricultural green technical efficiency in China was gradually decreasing,and the internal differences contributed more than the regional differences to the overall difference.4) The main affecting factors of agricultural green technical efficiency in western areas were GDP per capital,while the eastern and middle was greatly influenced by educational level of workers.Agricultural scientific research investment and agricultural disaster area affected area in northeast China and the western region was the strongest,respectively.Execution results of agriculture policy were strengthened from east to west.