农村居民点空间分布及影响因素分析——以庆安县为例

为科学分析农村居民点空间分布状态及探索其影响因素,基于中国绿色之乡庆安县农村居民点布局现状,结合Gis空间分析,从居民点用地布局规模、分形特征及分布状态对农村居民点利用状况进行分析,并利用缓冲区分析其影响因素。结果表明:庆安县农村居民点总面积9 771.83hm2,分形维数为1.186~1.305,斑块较简单,复杂性较低,各乡镇呈随机、均匀、聚集3种状态分布,居民点核密度值为0.082~1.227个/hm2,农村居民点分布密度较低;受地形地貌影响,庆安县中部地区农村居民点规模明显高于南部和北部,农村居民点呈大集聚特征。同时,除建制镇对农村居民点分布影响不显著外,其受农村常住人口、坡度、河流、水系等影响明显。可作为典型区域特别是农业生产力较强的平原地区农村居民点整治的依据和借鉴。

Analysis on the distribution pattern and influence factors of rural settlements: A case study of Qing'an County

The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements could reveal the development status of rural residents,which has great significance to rural settlements under the rural transformation.Taking Qing''an County as study object,the distribution and scale of rural settlements were analyzed by GIS.The results showed that:The total area of rural residents in Qing''an city was 9 771.83 hm²;The fractal dimension value of rural residential land was between 1.186-1.305 in Qing''an,which was lower than the average settlement;The spatial pattern of rural settlements presented 3 kinds of patterns,e.g.uniformity,randomness and cluster;The residential area kernel density was 0.082-1.227 per square hectometer.With the influence of geography,the central terrain of rural residents was bigger than those of south and north,displaying gathering phenomenon.It is strongly influenced by elevation,slope and stream except the designated town.This study provided the basis and reference for the renovation of typical rural residential area especially flat area which had great productivity.