不同NFC/NDF水平饲粮对肉公犊牛生长性能和屠宰性能的影响

为研究非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)水平对夏杂公犊牛生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,选取2~3月龄健康、平均体重为(94.38±0.25)kg的夏杂断奶公犊60头,随机分为4组,每组15头。分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平相近,NFC/NDF为1.35(A组)、1.23(B组)、0.94(C组)和0.80(D组)的4种全混合饲粮。试验期105d,其中预试期15d,正试期90d。每天记录每头犊牛的采食量,在试验开始和结束时分别测定每头犊牛的体重、体尺;试验结束时每组随机选取6头犊牛进行屠宰试验,测定屠宰性能、器官鲜重和肉品质。结果表明:1)饲粮NFC/NDF水平对犊牛平均日增重和体斜长的增长率有显著影响(P0.05),A组高于其他各组;2)犊牛采食A组饲粮后胴体重达到111.40kg,显著高于C组和D组(P0.05),但对屠宰率和净肉率均无显著影响(P0.05);3)采食A组饲粮的犊牛肝脏和脾脏分别为3.25和0.70kg,显著高于其他3组(P0.05),且脾脏指数有随饲粮NFC/NDF水平降低而降低的趋势,对其他器官重量及指数均无显著影响(P0.05)。综上所述,NFC/NDF为1.35组的饲粮可提高犊牛生长性能,更能满足3~6月龄肉公犊牛生长需要。

Effects of diets with different NFC/NDF levels on the growth performance and slaughter performance of meat calves

This study aimed to investigate the effects of diets with non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC)/neutral detergent fiber (NDF) levels on the growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of male calves.Sixty 2-3 month-old healthy weaned male calves were randomly divided into four groups with fifteen calves in each group,and were fed with four different NFC/NDF ratio diets:1.35 (A group),1.23 (B group),0.94 (C group),0.80 (D group),respectively.The experiments lasted for 105 d,with 15 d of adaptation period and 90 d of formal period.Feed intake of each calf was recorded every day,body weight and body measurements were measured.A total of 6 calves were randomly selected from each group and were slaughtered to determine slaughter performance,meat quality and organ fresh weight.The results showed that:1) Average daily gain and body length growth rate of calves in A group were greater than those in other groups (P<0.05);2) The calves feeding A group diet body weight is 111.40 kg is significantly higher than group C and group D (P<0.05),but no difference was observed in the slaughter rate and pure meat percentage (P>0.05);3) Weight of liver and spleen were 3.25 and 0.70 kg in A group diet,which were significantly higher than those in rest three groups (P<0.05).Meanwhile,the spleen index displayed decreasing tendency with the decreasing of the dietary NFC/NDF level and there were no significant effects on the weight and index of other organs (P>0.05).In conclusion,the growth performance of calves was improved when the ratio of NFC to NDF is 1.35,which could meet the nutrient requirement of male calves aged from 3 to 6 months old.