表皮生长因子对胎鼠卵巢卵泡体外发育和类固醇激素分泌的影响

表皮生长因子（EGF）是参与卵巢功能调节的一个重要肽类因子，关于EGF对小鼠胚胎期卵巢卵泡发育和类固醇激素发育的 今未见报道。本研究以单个卵巢的放泡数、生长卵泡数和5个最大卵母 平均直径为卵泡发育优劣的衡量指标，利用我们早期研究建立的无血清培养体系研究了EGF对胎鼠卵巢卵泡发育和类固醇激素分泌的作用。结果发现：①EGF处理组胎鼠卵巢总卵泡数、生长卵九和卵巢内5个最大卵母细胞平均直径从培养第7天起即显著高于ITS对照组直至培养结束；②EGF在培养后期显著促进胎鼠卵巢分泌睾酮，但对雌二醇的基础分泌无影响；③EGF处理组胎鼠卵巢在培养过程的后期引起贴壁的卵巢边缘脱离培养板底壁发生卷边现象，丧失卵母细胞皮持－髓质生长模式。结果提示：EGF在胎鼠卵巢原始卵泡生长起始中起重要作用， 同时EGF促进胎鼠卵巢小腔前卵泡／卵母细胞进一步生长、发育和体外存活；EGF促卵泡发作用与雌二醇的作用无关。

Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor on the Follicle Development and Steroidogenesis of Mouse Fetal Ovary in vitro

Epidermal Growth Factor（EGF）is an important ovarian peptide, which involve the regulation of ovarian function. Very few informations were reported on the activity of EGF in regulating follicle development and steroidogenesis of fetal ovary. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the function of EGF on the follicular development and steroidogenesis of mouse fetal ovary using a serum-free culture model established in our preliminary work. The average numbers of all oocytes and the growing oocyte per-ovary and the average diameter of the five largest growing oocytes were appiled as the index of follicular development in the present experiment. The results revealed that: ①The growth and survives of fetal ovarian follicle in EGF group was significantly prior to that in ITS control group throughout the culture period. ②EGF enhanced the secretion of testosterone after 13 days culture, but had no effects on the secretion of estrodial. ③The cortex-medulla growth pattern of oocytes in some EGF-treated mouse fetal ovaries was lost because of the detaching of the in-vitro cultured ovarian cortex from the dish bottom. The results suggested that: EGF plays an important role in the initiation of mouse fetal ovarian primordial follicles. EGF promotes the growth and development of fetal ovarian follicle without the cooperation of estrodial in vitro.