服务外包、契约选择对小麦生产技术效率的影响——基于河南省100个村3 305个农户的实证分析

为探究服务外包和契约选择对小麦生产技术效率的影响,基于河南省3 305份农户调查数据,以服务外包为研究视角,采用柯布道格拉斯生产函数对河南省小麦生产技术效率进行测算,并运用Tobit模型进行实证研究。结果表明:1)河南样本农户小麦生产平均技术效率为0.7,土地的产出弹性最大,劳动力的产出弹性最小;2)服务外包程度越高,小麦生产技术效率越高;3)服务外包中,农户签订空合约、口头合约等非正式契约比书面合约更能提高其生产技术效率,农户与服务提供方关系的远近对小麦生产技术效率有显著影响。因此,鼓励农户参与服务外包;鼓励农业服务组织提高服务质量,甚至通过纵向合作实现服务规模化;当前不应强推生产的合约化,以提高农业生产技术效率。

Impacts of service outsourcing and contract selection on the efficiency of wheat production technology: Based on the empirical analysis of 3 305 farmers in 100 villages in Henan Province

In order to explore the impacts of service outsourcing and contract selection on the technical efficiency of wheat production, based on the survey data of 3 305 farmers in Henan Province, Cobb-Douglas production function is used to measure the technical efficiency of wheat production in Henan Province from the perspective of service outsourcing. Tobit model is adopted for empirical research. The results show that: 1)The average technical efficiency of wheat production in Henan sample farmers is 0. 7, the output elasticity of land is the largest, and the output elasticity of labor is the smallest; 2)The higher the degree of service outsourcing, the higher the technical efficiency of wheat production; 3)Service outsourcing Informal contracts such as empty contracts and oral contracts by farmers can improve their production technical efficiency more than written contracts. The distance between farmers and service providers has a significant impact on the efficiency of wheat production technology. Therefore, to encourage farmers'' participation in service outsourcing, promote agricultural service organizations to improve service quality, and achieve large-scale services through vertical cooperation. At present, the contractual production should not be forced to improve technical efficiency of agricultural production at present.