天然草场助推式间歇排种器的设计、分析与试验

为解决禾本科草种细长,千粒质量小,流动性差,易缠绕等造成的禾本科草种排种困难的问题,设计助推式间歇排种器。该排种器主要由种箱、种盒、护种轮、种刷、推种板、连杆和曲柄构成。工作时,通过曲柄转动,驱动推种板往复移动实现充种、清种、护种的排种过程。排种过程为主动排种,改变以往依靠种子自身重力和流动性实现被动排种的情况。根据排种器设计要求,确定影响工作性能的相关参数,并进行排种量稳定性试验。试验结果表明:排种器单次排种量为0.137 5g,满足禾本科草种排种量要求;试验过程中,排种器充种顺利,无草种堵塞和架空现象;排种器排种量稳定性变异系数为5.5,符合GB/T 25421—2010要求。

Design,analysis and test of intermittent boost seed-metering device for natural grassland

The seeds of gramineous pasture hold the properties of thin and long in size and light for its thousand grain weight,which leads them to be lack of flowability and intertwined during metering and even make the seed-metering device could not work smoothly.To solve this problem,we designed an intermittent boost seed-metering device consisting of seed tank,seed box,roller,seed brush,seed-pushing board,connecting rod and crank.During working,the rotating crank drives the seed-pushing board move reciprocatingly to complete the process of seed-filling,seed clearing,seed protection.The process of seeding is active and different from passive discharging that relies on the gravity.According to the seed-metering design requirements,the relevant parameters to the working performance was confirmed,and the stability of sowing quantity was tested.The experiment results show that the seeding process of the intermittent boost seed-metering device is easy and smooth.The weight of seeding each time is 0.1375 g,which meet the requirements.The coefficient of variation of the sowing quantity stability is 5.5,and satisfies the standard of GB/T 25421—2010.