北京市观光农业园发展类型的探讨

为探讨观光农业园的类型划分,通过对以往观光农业园分类方式的归纳、比较、总结,结合北京市观光农业园的全面调查和详细分析,对其发展类型进行了探讨。在前期研究的基础上,结合实地调研获得的北京市观光农业园基础数据,提出了观光农业园"二六五"类型划分方法——以形成原因及存在状态为基础的2种分类模式,综合发展阶段、占地规模、经营主体、地域模式、功能定位和产业结构6种分类方法,将都市农业园区分为5种典型类型,并结合案例分析不同类型的特点。结果表明:在观光农业园的形成原因和存在状态2种分类模式基础下,其形成原因可以分析园区的经营主体、地域模式和功能定位,其存在状态可以分析发展阶段、占地规模和产业结构,综合这6种分类方法对观光农业园进行类型划分,将北京市观光农业园划分为观光采摘园、农业科技园、市民农园、综合性休闲观光农园和农业公园5种典型类型。该研究可为观光农业园开发建设提供参考,为农业部门对不同类型园区进行分类管理提供决策依据。

Preliminary research on types of development ofagro-sightseeing parks in metropolitan areas:A case study of Beijing agro-sightseeing parks

With the increasing demand in tourism,China’s agro-sightseeing parks in metropolitan areas increased rapidly both in numbers and types.How to classify these parks is a question which is worth exploring.Based on inducting,comparing and summarizing the previous classification of agro-sightseeing parks,and combining diagnosis of Beijing agro-sightseeing parks,the author proposes a "TWO-SIX-FIVE " classification method.The classification is established on the TWO bases of causes of formation and the state of existence,and covers SIX kinds of divisions of agro-sightseeing parks including the stages of comprehensive development,the covering size,of parks,business entities,geographical patterns,positioning functions,and the industrial structure.Upon comprehensively considering these six classification methods,the agro-sightseeing parks are divided into FIVE typical types,which include,tourism picking gardens,agricultural science and technology parks,public farms,comprehensive leisure farms and agricultural parks.Meanwhile,combining with case studies,the characteristics of different types of parks are analysed.The purpose of this paper is to facilitate identifying and classifying agro-sightseeing parks,to offer a reference for development and construction of agro-parks,and to provide a good basis for decision-making on the management of different types of agro-parks.