水稻种子寄藏真菌的3种检测方法对比研究

通过研究3种水稻种子寄藏真菌检测方法的异同和适应性,为提高水稻种子健康检测的针对性提供科学依据。以云南省具有代表性的3个主栽水稻品种楚粳26、滇优35和宜香9的种子为材料,采用洗涤法、PDA平板法进行种子寄藏真菌检测;同时采用滤纸保湿法对此3个品种以及富优80等产地海拔高度不同的共计20个水稻品种的种子进行检测。结果显示,洗涤法适用于种子外部带菌检测,洗涤时间为20min,洗涤液稀释10倍涂平板可以观测记录带菌的数量,供试水稻种子外部主要携带Aspergillus、Fusarium、Penicillium、Alternaria,它们出现的比例分别为21.4%、17.9%、16.7%和8.3%;PDA平板法可以满足整粒种子以及解剖后种子不同部位的寄藏真菌检测,结果与洗涤法基本一致,种子携带4个属真菌的分离比率分别为42.7%、25.6%、1.2%和4.9%;滤纸保湿法可较好地检测20个水稻品种整粒种子的带菌情况,共检测到24个属的真菌,主要优势菌为Aspergillus、Fusarium和Penicillium,它们分别在14、19和18个供试品种中广泛分布,出现频率最大,而在版纳10号等少数地方种水稻种子中,上述3个属的真菌未检出或者检出频率明显降低。研究分析了种子类型、来源、产地海拔高度与种子寄藏真菌种类的关系,提出了对3种检测方法中获得的未知真菌分类地位进行进一步鉴定的建议。

Comparative analysis of three kinds of testing methodsfor rice seed borne fungi

The differences and applicability of three methods for rice seed borne fungi testing were studied to provide scientific references to improve the accuracy of rice seed health testing.The seed borne fungi of japonica rice variety Chujing26,Dianyou35 and Yixiang9 which are mainly cultivated in Yunnan province were studied by using both washing test and PDA culture plate methods,and at the same time,the blotter moisture-retaining culture method was used to detect the seed born fungi of 20 rice hybrids,includin...