棉花精量排种器排种性能试验研究

为实现南方棉花种子的精量播种,设计一种满足南方棉花种子"一穴两粒"农艺要求的机械式精量穴播棉花排种器,将该排种器安装在JPS-12型全自动排种器性能检测台上进行棉花种子排种性能试验。分别以合格指数、漏播指数和重播指数为评价该排种器排种性能指标,以适用于南方的棉花种子(湘杂棉3号、湘杂棉8号和慈抗杂3号)为试验对象,对排种器转速、勺孔直径和种室曲面曲率半径3个因素进行单因素试验,得出各因素作业时的最优范围。正交试验结果得到排种性能各因素的最优组合为:排种器转速100rad/s,勺孔直径9mm,种室曲面曲率半径25mm;该组合下,棉花种子精量排种效果较好,穴粒数合格指数为93.62%,重播指数3.87%,漏播指数2.51%。该机械式精量穴播棉花排种器满足国家标准对棉花种子的播种要求。

Design and experiment of a cotton precision bunch sowing device

In order to realize the agronomic requirements of "one hole two grains" in the southern cotton field, a two-row mechanical precision cotton seed metering device was designed. The seed metering device adopted the principle of seeding with a spoon hole in JPS-12 automatic seeding performance test bench to test the new seeding device''s performance In order to evaluate the seeding performance index of the seeding device, the cotton varieties (Xiangzamian No.3, Xiangzamian No.8 and Ciqizha No.3) in the south were evaluated by passing rate, leakage rate and replay rate. The effects of seeding speed, spoon hole diameter and the curvature radius of seed room surface were studied. The results showed that when the speed of seed metering device was 100 rad/s, the diameter of the spoon hole was 9 mm and the radius of curvature of the chamber surface was 25 mm, the pass rate reached 93.62%, the replay rate reached 3.87% and the sowing rate reached 2.51%. The cotton precision bunch sowing device meets the national seeding standard requirements.