土地规模经营影响油菜生产国际竞争力机理——以湖北、四川等5省1 034户种植农户为例

为分析土地规模经营对油菜生产国际竞争力影响机理,以湖北、四川、湖南、安徽和江苏等5省1 034户种植农户为例,基于2017—2018年度入户调查数据,运用结构方程模型开展了土地规模经营影响油菜生产国际竞争力机理及其主要影响因素实证分析。结果表明,土地规模经营目前主要通过劳动力转移和农业机械化特征潜变量影响油菜生产国际竞争力,土地集约化特征潜变量对油菜生产国际竞争力影响较弱。同时,在劳动力转移特征潜变量中,影响较大的可测变量是劳动力投入和销售价格;在农业机械化特征潜变量中,影响较大的可测变量是机械投入;在土地集约化特征潜变量中,影响较大的可测变量为农户总耕地规模。因此,在土地规模经营成为现代农业发展方向的背景下,提升油菜生产国际竞争力应着重从3个方面入手,一是促进农村剩余劳动力转移,二是提升农业机械化水平,三是关注土地集约化对油菜生产国际竞争力的影响。

Mechanism of land scale operation affecting international competitiveness in rape planting: A case study from 1 034 households in Hubei, Sichuan and other three provincesCHEN Yunfei1, 2, FENG Zhongchao1*, DU Weigong2, CHEN Huiling2

To analyze the impact mechanism of land scale operation(LSO)to international competitiveness in rape planting, a case study of 1 034 households based on the survey data in 2017-2018 in the five provinces of Hubei, Sichuan, Hunan, Anhui and Jiangsu is conducted. A structural equation model(SEM)was built to study the mechanism of LSO and the main impact factors affecting international competitiveness in rape planting. The results show that: Currently, LSO affecting international competitiveness in rape planting mainly lies in two feature latent variables of labor transformation and agricultural mechanization. The land intensification has weak effect on international competitiveness in rape planting. At the same time, among the main impact measurable variables, labor-input and sale price are main factors in feature latent variable of labor transformation, while machine-input play key role in agricultural mechanization and total land scale of a household is important for land intensification. In conclusion, under the background of LSO as the direction for modern agriculture, improving international competitiveness in rape planting mainly lies in three ways: The first one is to promote the rural surplus labor transformation; The second one is to improve the level of agricultural mechanization; The third one is to pay close attention to the affection of land intensification to international competitiveness in rape planting.