东北严寒地区村镇环境满意度及影响因素分析

以2013-09—2015-03对东北黑、吉、辽3省以及内蒙古东部地区发放的1 545份有效调研问卷为数据基础,运用多项Logistic模型,对东北严寒地区村镇环境满意度及其显著影响因素进行分析。结果表明:研究区4省份中,黑龙江省环境满意度评价均值最高,其他3省份满意度评价值差异较大;矿区环境满意度评价均值最低,且变异系数最高,林区、牧草区满意度评价均值较高;未上过学、大专以上学历、≤20岁及60岁的人群对环境满意度评价较高。Logistic分析表明,整体上农民对东北严寒地区村镇环境满意度评价偏低,其中饮用水水质和大气环境质量对环境满意度评价存在极显著的影响,而土壤污染程度、地表水水质、环保法律认知程度、绿化配套设施以及政府对环保的投资力度5个指标对环境满意度评价有显著影响。生活污水排放方式、生活垃圾处理方式、是否有污染企业等7个指标对农村居民环境满意度评价存在着部分显著影响。

Rural environment satisfaction and influence factors analysis in severely cold region of Northeast China

Using the multinomial Logistic model, rural environmental satisfaction and its influence factors in the northeast cold region based on 1 545 effective questionnaire from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and eastern Inner Mongolia region were analyzed.The results showed that:Peasants in Heilongjiang Province gave out the highest environment satisfaction evaluation value while there was large satisfaction evaluation differentiation among the other three provinces;Environment satisfaction evaluation value was the lowest and the differentiation is the highest in the mining area while the value is higher in forest and grass area;People who are uneducated or have a college degree or above, teenagers younger than 20 years old and the elderly over 60 displayed higher satisfaction to the environment.The Logistic analysis uncovered that the drinking water quality and atmospheric quality played an extremely significant role to the rural environmental satisfaction.The soil pollution degree, surface water quality, environmental law cognition, green infrastructure and government investment are important factors, and 7 other factors, sewage discharge way, domestic waste treatment, human and animal manure treatment etc., also had significant effect on rural environment satisfaction.