花生覆膜穴播机成穴机构研究

针对我国花生覆膜穴播机大都采用先播种后铺膜的传统作业方式,对土壤扰动大,不利于土壤保墒问题,设计了一种适合先铺膜后播种的小型花生穴播机的回转式成穴机构。对该机构的运动过程进行分析得到了成穴机构的穴宽、穴距和成穴深度的表达式;采用计算机模拟方法分析曲柄半径、机器前进速度和曲柄转速对成穴机构工作性能的影响,优化后的设计参数为:传动比6.5,曲柄半径4.5 cm,播种机前进速度0.25 m/s(λ=1.95),此时成穴深度约4.5 cm,穴宽约3 cm,穴距约14.42 cm,满足花生穴播的农艺要求。与目前广泛使用的轮式鸭嘴成穴器相比,其结构简单、膜孔小。

Study on hole former of peanut hill-drop planter mulching film

Peanut hill-drop planter mulching film,at present,in China adopts almost the same conventional operation,in which sowing is ahead of mulching film.The way of this working mode makes soil stirred and moisture transpired.So a rotary hole former for a small size peanut hill-drop planter with mulching film before sowing was studied in this work.The article analyzed the moving process of the mechanism and the expressions for width caved,distance of cave and depth caved were obtained.The main factors that influencing the working performance are crank radius,machine moving speed and crank rotate speed.The ratio of velocity is greater than 1 in natural condition.The computer aided analysis method was adopted to analyze the influences of structural and working parameters on working performance of the hole former.The optimized parameters are 6.5 of transmission ratio,0.045 m of crank radius,0.25 m/s of planter's moving velocity,under which the caved depth is about 4.5 cm,width about 3 cm and the distance of caves about 14.42 cm.The hole former can meet the requirements of peanut agricultural technology.The mechanism is simpler in structure and width caved is smaller compared with the common used hole former of duck mouth roll.