河南省水稻推广品种的耐淹性分析

为了筛选适应河南省种植的耐淹涝水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种,以河南省目前推广种植的27个品种为材料,采用人工模拟淹涝灾害,于水泥池中进行没顶淹涝处理,分别测定淹涝处理和正常水分管理各品种的株高、主茎节间长、分蘖数、主茎绿叶数等形态性状,结果表明,以主茎叶片相对绿叶数和干物质质量2个指标聚类分析发现,内2优6号、冈优158、丰优22、冈优188、冈优827、Ⅱ优838、粤优938、裕丰8号和珞优8号耐淹性强,方欣1号、冈优363、Y两优1号、方欣4号、豫农粳6号耐淹性较弱。淹涝处理造成水稻植株伸长生长和主茎绿叶数减少。与敏感品种相比,耐淹品种绿叶数多、植株较高、根系发达、叶片和叶鞘干物质质量都较大。淹涝条件下,植株高、分蘖多、干物质质量大和保持一定的绿叶数是分蘖期河南省主推水稻品种耐淹涝的特征。

Analysis of Submergence Tolerance of Rice Varieties in Henan Province

In order to screen rice varieties with flooding and waterlogging tolerance in Henan, twenty seven rice varieties in Henan province were used as experimental material. Plant height, internode length, tiller number, the number of green leaves, and other morphological traits were measured under submergence treatment in cement pool and normal growth environment. Cluster analysis using the number of relative green leaves of main stem and dry matter weight showed that Nei-two-you 6, Gangyou 158, Fengyou 22, Gangyou 188, Gangyou 827, Ⅱ-you 838, Yueyou 938, Yufeng 8 and Luoyou 8 are varieties with strong submergence tolerance. Fangxin 1, Gangyou 363, Y-langyou 1, Fangxin 4 and Yunongjing 6 are varieties with weak tolerance. The elongation growth of rice and the reduction of the number of green leaves were induced by submergence treatment. Compared with sensitive varieties, tolerant varieties have more green leaves, higher plant height, larger leaf and sheath dry weight. The characteristics of submergence tolerance of rice varieties in Henan in tiller stage are high plant height, large dry matter weight, more tillers and green leaves.