不同土壤质地和管理模式对茶园土壤性质与茶叶品质的影响

采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,以湖北五峰主茶区3个不同绿茶茶园为研究对象,综合分析不同土壤质地和管理模式对茶园土壤性质及茶叶品质的影响。结果表明,质地为沙质壤土的茶园1,其茶叶的茶多酚、氨基酸、咖啡碱含量最高,与其土壤各项理化性质、土壤微生物数量及脲酶活性均较佳有关。天然茶园2的土壤颗粒组成中,黏粒含量较高、沙粒含量较低,有利于维持土壤的保水、保肥能力。粉沙质壤土的茶园3的茶叶品质与茶园2的茶叶品质相当,可能是茶园3的土壤pH偏低、土壤磷素不佳、微生物活性不够导致。建议对茶园3的土壤pH进行调节,改善土壤的微生物活性,同时增施磷肥,改善土壤磷素水平。

Effects of Different Soil Texture and Management Pattern on Soil Properties and Tea Quality of Tea Garden

Based on the field survey and laboratory analysis, the effects of different soil texture and management pattern on soil properties and tea quality of tea garden were researched, which took three different green tea garden under different soil texture and the management pattern in main producing areas of Wufeng, Hubei province asthe research object. The results showed that the soil texture of tea garden 1 was sandy loam. Its contents of tea polyphenols, amino acid, and caffeine were the highest, which were related to its good soil nutrients content, the high number of soil microorganism and soil urease ac-tivity. Higher clay/sand is helpful to maintain soil moisture and soil fertility in tea garden 2, which might be related to its higher aboveground species diversity. The tea quality of tea garden 3 was as much as of tea garden 2. The main reasons might be the lower soil pH, poor soil phosphorus and low microbial activity in tea garden 3, which should be paid attention to improve its soil pH and the increase of phosphorus.