两种新型多烯大环内酯抗生素对四种水稻病原真菌的抗菌活性和毒力测定

离体条件下,采用菌丝生长速率法和菌丝干重法测定新型多烯大环内酯抗生素——抗真菌霉素702和制霉色基素对水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、水稻菌核病菌(Helminthosporium sigmoideum Cav.)、稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea)、稻曲病菌(Ustilaginoidea virens)4种水稻病原真菌的抗菌活性和毒力.结果表明,抗真菌霉素702和制霉色基素对4种水稻病原真菌具有较强的抗菌活性,50 μg/mL抗真菌霉素702对水稻纹枯病菌、水稻菌核病菌、稻瘟病菌和稻曲病菌的抑菌率分别为100.00％、100.00％、91.72％和68.06％,EC50分别为7.00、10.30、14.41、26.71 μg/mL,EC90分别为13.20、17.66、27.67、128.28μg/mL.13 μg/mL制霉色基素对水稻纹枯病菌、水稻菌核病菌、稻瘟病菌和稻曲病菌的抑菌率分别为78.20％、100.00％、100.00％和79.17％,EC50分别为1.47、1.91、2.37、0.20 μg/mL,EC90分别为41.05、3.92、4.34、135.54 μg/mL.总体上,制霉色基素对4种水稻病原真菌的抑菌活性强于抗真菌霉素702.

Studies on Antifungal Activity and Toxicity of New type Polyene Antibiotics on Four Kinds of Rice Pathogenic Fungi

The antifungal activity and toxicity of new type polyene macrolide antibiotics-Antifungalmycin 702 and Fungichromin on Rhizoctonia solani,Helminthosporium sigmoideum Cav.,Magnaporthe grisea and Ustilaginoidea virens were studied by mycelia growth rate method and hypha dry weight method in vitro.The results showed that both of the Antifungalmycin 702 and Fungichromin had strong antifungal activities on the four kinds of rice pathogenic fungi.Treated with 50μg/mL Antifungalmycin 702,the inhibitory rates on Rhizoctonia solani,Helminthosporium sigmoideum Cav.,Magnaporthe grisea and Ustilaginoidea virens were 100.00%,100.00%,91.72% and 68.06%,and the EC50(μg/mL) and EC90(μg/mL) were 7.00,10.30,14.41,26.71 and 13.20,17.66,27.67,128.28 respectively.Treated with 13μg/mL Fungichromin,the inhibitory rates on the four kinds of rice pathogenic fungi were 78.20%,100.00%,100.00% and 79.17%,and the EC50(μg/mL) and EC90(μg/mL) were 1.47,1.91,2.37,0.20 and 41.05,3.92,4.34,135.54 respectively.The antifungal activity of Fungichromin was stronger than Antifungalmycin 702.