山区城市土地利用空间结构特征分析——以贵州省六盘水市市区为例

利用1990、2000、2010年3个时相的遥感影像对贵州省六盘水市市区土地利用进行监测,运用土地利用类型多样性指数、土地利用程度指数和生态价值,以1 km×1 km网格为统计单元,对土地利用空间结构变化进行分析.结果表明,研究区城市中心及城乡结合部区域的多样性下降,离市中心较近的独立乡镇多样性快速上升,功能转变为城乡结会部；研究区整体土地利用程度不断提高,土地利用程度从市中心向外围逐渐减小,土地利用程度较高的网格逐渐连通；研究区内生态价值较低,生态环境脆弱.20年间土地利用空间结构变化较大,高利用程度、低多样性、低生态效益的网格逐渐相互连通,形成大的斑块,对研究区土地利用景观格局及生态环境造成较大影响.

Analysis on the Features of Land Use Spatial Structure in Mountainous City:Taking Urban Area of Liupanshui City in Guizhou Province as An Example

The spatial structure change regularity of land use of urban area in Liupanshui city of Guizhou province was analyzed using land use diversity index,comprehensive index and ecological benefit index based on the RS images in 1990,2000 and 2010,taking 1 km×1 km grid as the statistical unit.Results showed that the land use diversity in urban area gradually decreased while that of village and town region around the city increased.The land use degree of the study area increased gradually and the land use degree index was negatively correlated with its diversity index.The whole ecological benefit value in the study area had continuously got lower.As a whole,the land use spatial structure changed greatly in the past two decades.Grids with high land use degree,low diversity and low ecological benefit gradually connected with each other and thus formed bigger plaques which influenced greatly on the land use landscape pattern and the ecological environment in the study area.