大连城市森林群落植物功能性状对土壤环境的响应

对大连城市森林群落植物功能性状及其与土壤环境因子的相关性随演替阶段的变化,包括不同群落演替中植物功能性状叶厚度、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、平均冠幅、平均胸径、平均盖度、平均树高、叶碳量的变化规律,以及植物功能性状与土壤环境(土壤养分、植物凋落物重量及分解与地下食物网)的关联进行研究。结果表明,自然群落黑松林、黑松-栎树混交林、栎树林演替过程中叶干物质含量呈上升趋势,叶厚度、比叶面积呈下降趋势;而半人工群落黑松林、黑松洋槐混交林、洋槐阔叶林演替过程叶干物质含量下降、叶厚度下降,比叶面积呈上升的趋势。黑松林、黑松-栎树混交林、栎树林平均胸径、平均冠幅、平均盖度呈上升趋势;而在黑松林、黑松洋槐混交林、洋槐阔叶林呈下降趋势。平均树高在黑松林、黑松-栎树混交林、栎树林呈下降趋势,在黑松林、黑松洋槐混交林、洋槐阔叶林呈上升趋势,其与土壤有机碳显著负相关。围绕植物功能性状与生态系统养分循环功能的关系,进一步讨论了其在群落演替过程中的变化规律,可为研究大连城市森林群落水平的植物功能性状对土壤环境的响应提供科学依据。

Plant Functional Traits Response to Soil Environment in City Forest in Dalian

How plant functional traits respond to environmental factors was explored, discussed the change law of plant functional traits including leaf thickness （LT）, leaf specific area（LSA）, leaf dry matter content（LDMC）, average crown（AC）, average diameter at breast height（ADBH）, average eoverage（ACV）, average height（AH）, leaf carbon content （LCC） in different successional stages and the internal relation of plant functional traits with circulation of materials which include soil nutrient content, plant litter leaf weight and decomposition and underground food web. The results showed that LDMC ascended in natural community succession Black pine coniferous forest, Black pine-oak mixed forest, Oak hardwood forest, however, declined in half-artificial succession Black-locust mixed forest, Locust hardwood forest, but the opposite trend displayed on LSA and LT; LDMC negatively correlated with soil ammonium nitrogen, litter decomposition rate （LDR）, trophic diversity （TD）, the basal index （BI） and nematode channel ratio（NCR）. LDMC positively correlated with soil available phosphorus. LT positively correlated with dominance （C）and Wasilewska index （WI）. LSA positively correlated with BI and NCR; AC, ADBH and ACC ascended in natural community succession, descended in halfartificial succession, AH descended in natural community succession and ascended in half-artificial succession, AH negatively correlated with soil carbon content. In this study, the relationship of plant functional traits with circulation of nutrient in ecosystem to demonstrate the rules of community succession was surrounded.