昆虫过冷却点的影响因素概述

昆虫体液可以耐受0℃以下的低温仍不结冰,这种现象称为“过冷却”.当外界温度继续下降到一定温度时,虫体开始结冰,此时的虫体温度即为过冷却点.过冷却点可被用来代表昆虫的耐寒性,因此在昆虫耐寒性研究中常常需要测定过冷却点.有多种因素影响过冷却点,笔者从环境因素与食物、昆虫发育阶段与生物学状态、含水量与生化物质以及冰核物质4个方面综述了昆虫过冷却点的影响因素,这些影响因素相互关联共同发挥作用.研究昆虫的过冷却点对于认识其抗冻耐寒特性与机理、保护益虫、防治害虫都具有重要的意义.

Insect Supercooling Point and Its Influence Factors

Insect body fluids could avoid freezing under 0 ~C temperature, and this phenomenon was called supercooling.When the outside temperature continued to drop to a certain low temperature, insect body fluid began to freeze, the temperature at this point was called supercooling point （SCP）,which was used to represent the cold tolerance of an insect.Thus, supercooling point often need to be determined in studies about insect cold resistance.In this paper, factors that influence insect supercooling point were summarized from the view point of environmental factors, insect developmental stages and water content and biochemical materials, etc.These factors often interrelated and interacted to determine insect supercooling point. Researches in supercooling point were of important significance for understanding the mechanism of insect cold resistance and for beneficial insect protection and pest control.