彩色树种在天津滨海盐碱地引种试验及适应性

在分析了目前我国引进彩叶树种存在盲目性的基础上,通过对天津滨海地区引进的国内外9个彩叶乔木、2个亚乔木、4个灌木树种的引种试验表明:金叶皂荚、金叶榆、金叶国槐、紫叶合欢、红叶臭椿、紫叶矮樱、美人梅、金叶接骨木、耐盐碱玫瑰和金叶莸这10个品种能够适应天津滨海地区的气候条件和土壤环境,表现出本身的彩色特性。其中,金叶黄栌、金枝白蜡、紫叶黄栌、金边红瑞木个品种需要进一步观察;挪威槭品种表现差,不适应天津滨海地区生长。对筛选出的彩叶品种进行繁殖后,通过8年在天津滨海地区的大力推广应用,丰富了植物的多样性,增加了城区园林的色彩。

Introduction and Application of Colored Species in Tianjin Coastal Saline Area

The blindness of introducing the colored species in China was analyzed in this paper. Nine colorful arbor species, two sub tree species and four shrubs were introduced in Tianjin coastal saline area. The result from this study showed that the species of Gleditsia triacanthos Sunburst, Ulmus pumila, Robinia pseudoacacia‘Fall gold’, Albizia spp, Ailanthus spp, Prunus×cistena‘Pissardii’, Malus spp, Coruns alba ‘Gouchaulth, Rosa rugosa and Caryopteris×clandonensis Worcester Goldcan were adapt to the soil and climatic conditions of Tianjin coastal saline area, and also could reflect their own color characteristics. However, there were four species need further observation, including Cotiuns coggygria ‘Golden spirite’, Fraxiuns angustifolia, Cotiuns coggygria ‘Royal Purple’ and Coruns alba ‘Gouchaulth’. The species of AcerPlatanoides S‘Crtmson KingG’ was not suit for growing in the Tianjin coastal saline area. The tests showed that these selected colored species could be promoted in Tianjin coastal saline area, which could both rich in species diversity and make the city colorful after eight-year observation and adaptability evaluation.