居民对城市森林生态效益经济补偿支付意愿实证分析

城市森林生态功能价值的最大受益者是其周边地区的居民,实行城市森林生态效益经济补偿政策首先应从城市森林周边地区开始,为此,需要调查周边地区居民对城市森林生态功能价值的支付意愿(WTP).该文是在对哈尔滨城市森林周边的四个居民区进行调查的基础上,应用假设市场价值评估法(CVM)对城市森林周边地区居民进行城市森林生态效益经济补偿支付意愿(WTP)调查.对调查数据的分析表明,66%的居民认为空气质量有好转,96%的居民认为需要加强城市森林投入,70·6%的居民愿意出资(人均33·2元/a),80·3%以上的居民愿意出力(5·5h/a);影响支付意愿的方式及支付大小主要有文化程度、人均收入两种因素;进行的Logistic回归分析能够预测不同收入居民的出资概率.综上,建议对城市森林生态效益实行经济补偿的方式应包括出资和出力两种形式,支付额度要符合居民的支付意愿.

Positive analysis on residents' pay willingness to compensate for the ecological benefit of city forests

The prioritized beneficiaries of city forests are citizens around the forest area who should pay for it under the city forest benefit compensating policy. In order to investigate the WTP (willingness to pay) of citizens nearby, we conducted research in four citizen blocks. The CVM (contingent valuation method) is used to investigate the WTP of residents on city forest purification. Survey results showed that 66% of residents thought that the quality of air was better than before; as high as 96% of residents showed positive attitude towards strengthening city forest input; 70.6% of residents were willing to donate 33.2 yuan/year; and more than 80.3% of residents were willing to contribute 5.5 hrs/year. Resident willingness mainly depends on the factors such as family income and education level. Logistic regression analysis was used to forecast probability of donating money by residents with different incomes. Above all, the paper suggests that ecological benefit of city forests should be economically compensated in two methods: donating money and contributing effort, and payment should be in compliance with residents willingness.