.梅 花 品 种 资 源 核 心 种 质 构 建

梅花是中国观赏树木类品种资源研究较深入全面的种类之一，为了在有限的时间、财力的情况下，加强梅花品种资源的保护力度、提高利用效率，该研究利用梅花295个AFLP多态位点信息，采用系统取样的C和G取样策略，以Nei’s（1972）遗传距离进行的非加权成对算术平均法（UPGMA）聚类分析取样，从178个梅花品种及近缘（品）种构成的群体中，选取了52个品种样品作为梅花核心种质，总体取样比例为29.21%.遗传多样性和实用性检验分析结果表明:核心种质保留了梅花全部3个种系、5类18个品种类型；Nei’s (1973)基因多样度、Shannon’s信息指数、Simpson指数保留率分别为:99.90%、99.47%、99.99%.差异显著性检验结果显示核心种质与原全部种质的各项遗传参数差异不显著，表明该核心种质样品较好地保留了全部种质的遗传多样性和形态性状类型，为梅花等观赏植物改良提供了有益参考. 

Core collection of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc

Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. is a famous ornamental tree species grown in China. The objective of this study is to develop superior cultivars, and to conserve and utilize superior genetic resources effectively, given limited time and financial capacity. Using constant and genetic diversity-dependent strategies, 52 cultivars were selected as the core collection, which were screened from 178 cultivars or related species based on 295 AFLPs locus and the UPGMA cluster analysis of Nei's genetic distance. Genetic diversity of the pooled population was also tested. Sampling ratio was 29.21%. Eighteen styles of 3 species were conserved in a core germplasm, and the retaining ratios of Shannon's information index Lewontin (1972)], Nei's (1973) gene diversity and Simpson index were 99.90%, 99.47% and 99.99% respectively. The differences between the core collection and whole accessions were not significant. The core collection assembled here very likely represents the great majority of the genotypes and genetic diversity in the Prunus mume and provides a resource for further development of this ornamental plant.