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辽东山区次生林主要树种种群结构和格局
引用本文:刘足根,朱教君,袁小兰,王贺新,毛志宏.辽东山区次生林主要树种种群结构和格局[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(1):12-18.
作者姓名:刘足根  朱教君  袁小兰  王贺新  毛志宏
作者单位:1.1 北京林业大学生物中心2 河北科技师范学院生命科学系
基金项目:中国科学院"百人计划" , 国家自然科学基金
摘    要:用“径级大小替代年龄大小”和“空间差异替代时间变化”的方法,分别研究了辽东山区4种主要群落(柞木林、硬阔林、杨桦林和杂木林)主要树种种群的结构和分布格局,以及应用方差/均值比的t值检验法、聚块性和扩散型指数分析其格局状况,并用聚集强度指数负二项参数K值度量了它们的聚集程度.结果表明:①蒙古栎、水曲柳、核桃楸、枫桦和山杨龄级存在明显的低龄缺损,为间歇型种群,其中蒙古栎、水曲柳和核桃楸属于增长型种群,枫桦和山杨属衰退型种群,色木槭、紫椴和春榆种群年龄结构呈不规则的倒J型种群结构,龄级完整,属于稳定型增长种群;②这些主要树种种群中,除了杨桦林群落中枫桦和山杨格局呈随机分布外,其他种群的格局都趋于聚集分布;③各主要树种种群等级分布格局具有一定的规律性,即种群在幼苗和幼树阶段为聚集分布,而在中树和大树阶段为随机或均匀分布,且各主要树种种群从幼苗到大树格局聚集强度逐渐降低,种群呈扩散趋势;④辽东山区次生林主要树种种群结构和格局的形成主要是由于其生物学特性和所处环境作用的结果. 

关 键 词:次生林    种群结构    种群格局
文章编号:1000-1522(2007)01-0012-07
收稿时间:1900-01-01
修稿时间:2005-09-12

On the structure and patterns of major tree species populations of secondary forests in the montane regions of eastern Liaoning Province
LIU Zu-gen,ZHU Jiao-jun,YUAN Xiao-lan,WANG He-xin,MAO Zhi-hong.On the structure and patterns of major tree species populations of secondary forests in the montane regions of eastern Liaoning Province[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2007,29(1):12-18.
Authors:LIU Zu-gen  ZHU Jiao-jun  YUAN Xiao-lan  WANG He-xin  MAO Zhi-hong
Institution:1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China ; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China; 3. Commercial School of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
Abstract:In order to research the main tree species populations of major communities(Quercus stand,hard-broadleaved stand,Populus-Betula stand and the complex stand) of secondary forests in the montane regions of eastern Liaoning Province(MRELP),this paper examined the structure and patterns of the four communities by applying the methods of class size substituting for age size,and the spatial difference substituting for temporal change,respectively.The patterns were analyzed by using three independent methods,ie variance to mean ratio(S~2/),which was tested by t value,the patchness index (M~*/) and the expanding index(I_δ).Additionally,the clumped or random extents of patterns were analyzed by using the method of the negative binomial parameter(K).The results could be summarized as follows: 1) tree species of Q.mongolica,Fraxinus mandshurica,Juglans mandshurica,B.costata and P.davidiana were intermittent populations,which lacked of seedling or sapling or both of them.Among the above, Q.mongolica,F.mandshurica and J.mandshurica were attributed to growing type,while B.costata and P.davidiana were classified into senescent type.However,Acer mono,Tilia amurensis and Ulmus japonica could be attributed to growing and stable population with a reversed J-shaped size structure;2) in MRELP,the patterns of major tree species populations were different,eg B.costata and P.davidiana populations were random in Populus-Betula forest community,while the other populations were clumped;3) among the major tree species populations,the patterns of class size of major populations showed the rule that the seedling and sapling classes were clumped but the middle and the big tree classes were random or uniform.It was found that the patterns of major species populations changed with the time during their development period,the clumped intensity of different populations was gradually reduced from the seedling or sapling to big trees,and the populations were diffusing;4) the formation of the structure and patterns of major tree species populations of secondary forests in MRELP was influenced by the results from long-term interaction between biological features and natural environment as well as their succession period.
Keywords:secondary forests  population structure  population patterns
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