户外用压缩防腐木——ACQ——D木材的处理技术初探

为研究压缩处理在木材防腐方面的应用，该研究测定了经过不同水浴和喷水预处理后的径向压缩木材在胺溶铜季铵盐--D型防腐剂中浸泡后的吸液量和变形回复率,并测定了由此制备得到的压缩防腐木的表面硬度、厚度方向上的密度分布和CuO保持量分布情况。结果表明:①变形回复率和吸液量之间有很好的对应关系,一般变形回复率越大,吸液量也越大;②经过预处理的压缩试材和素材相比,吸液量可以提高1.5倍左右,表面硬度可提高3～4倍;未经预处理的压缩试材和素材相比,吸液量可以提高2倍以上,但是表面硬度的提高不大;③ 经过预处理的压缩防腐木，其厚度方向上的密度分布比较均匀,另外CuO的保持量比未经预处理的压缩防腐木高,并且呈现表层高、逐步向内层递减的趋势。由此看出,由该研究方法制备的压缩防腐木可同时实现表面密实化和提高防腐性能的目的,尤其适用于户外设施中。 

Treating technology of compressed preservative-treated wood--ACQ-D treated wood for outdoor uses

In order to figure out the use of compression in the wood preservation aspect, the authors compared the compressed wood samples pretreated with hot water bath or water spraying and compressed preservative-treated wood (CPW), which was treated with ammine copper quat-type D (ACQ-D) preservative solution. The liquid absorption and recovery rate of compression deformation of the compressed wood were determined, as well as the surface hardness, distribution of density and CuO retention in the thickness direction of CPW. The results showed that: 1) the recovery rate and liquid absorption were closely related with each other. Generally, a higher recovery rate of compressed deformation corresponded to a higher liquid absorption; 2) the liquid absorption of compressed wood with pretreatments was about 1.5 times of the untreated control samples, and the surface hardness of CWP prepared with this method was 3-4 times of that of the untreated control ; while the corresponding values of those without pretreatments were more than 2.0 times and about 1.6 times, respectively; 3) the density distribution of CWP with pretreatments was much more uniform in the thickness direction, additionally the retention of CuO appeared to be much higher and had a clear trend of higher retention on surfaces and lower inside compared to that of the CWP without pretreatments. In conclusion, the CPW prepared in this study can achieve both surface densification and preservation, which are suitable for outdoor applications.