梅果实的发育解剖学初探

该文对梅果实发育过程进行了较系统研究．梅子房内着生二个半倒生胚珠，开花时，胚囊处于４至８核阶段．内果皮分三个层次，最内层的４～６层细胞明显纵向加长，它的硬化大约从花后４０～４５ｄ开始．外果皮是一种复合结构，由表皮毛、表皮细胞、气孔器和数层下皮组织细胞组成．中果皮主要是薄壁细胞，靠近内果皮的数层中果皮细胞径向显著加长．大约在开花后３５～４０ｄ，珠被体积达最大，细胞内含大量淀粉．初生胚乳核分裂比合子早，但一直到原胚发育成球形胚时，胚乳游离核才转变为胚乳细胞．以后，胚乳细胞又被迅速发育的胚所吸收和利用．该文对胚珠类型、珠孔塞起源、胚乳吸器及果实发育速度与胚胎发育的关系进行了讨论

Preliminary Studies About developmental Anatomy on the Fruits of Mei Trees

There are two hemianatropous ovules in the ovary of Mei tree. At anthesis, the embryo sac may be found in the stages ranging from four nuclei to eight nuclei. The endocarp comprises three distinct tissue areas, the inner area consisting of 4～6 layers with tangentially elongated cells. About 40～45 days after flowering, lignification of the endocarp begins.The exocarp is a composite structure,composed of epidermal cells,stomatal apparatus, hairs and several hypodermal layers. The mesocarp is largely of parenchymatous tissue,close to the endocarp, there are several layers of cells of the mesocarp radially elongated. About 35～40 days after flowering, the maximum size of the integument is reached, in which tissue contains a lot of starch granules. Although the division of the primary endosperm nucleus usually precedes that of the zygote,the endosperm cells do not formed until the proembryo develops into the globoid embryo properly. Then,the endosperm is digested and absorbed by the rapidly developing embryo.In the present paper,discussions were also made on the questions such as the type of the ovule, the formation of the endosperm,the relation of the developing speed of fruits to the embryogensis ot P. mume and so on.