吐丝期干旱胁迫对玉米生长及产量的影响

为促进玉米抗旱栽培,以先玉335为材料,采用大田小区对比试验,开展吐丝期干旱胁迫对玉米生长及产量影响的研究。通过对土壤含水量、玉米叶片形态和生理、果穗性状及产量等指标的测定,分析干旱胁迫对玉米生长及产量的影响。结果表明:土层0~20cm、20~40cm和40~60cm,不同处理的土壤含水量显著差异(P0.05),无干旱胁迫(T2)干旱胁迫5d(T3)干旱胁迫10d(T4)干旱胁迫15d(T5)自然生长(T1)。叶片卷曲度T1T5T4T3T2。叶片保绿性、相对含水量、SPAD值均为T2T3T4T5T1。T2叶片相对含水量分别比T1、T3、T4、T5高55.38%、5.31%、24.17%和37.91%,T2的SPAD值分别比T1、T3、T4、T5高38.70%、9.45%、18.97%和27.10%。干旱胁迫对玉米性状及产量具有影响,干旱导致玉米穗长缩短,秃尖变长,穗粗、行粒数减少,产量下降(P0.05),T2产量分别比T1、T3、T4和T5高50.25%、8.94%、15.06%和28.12%。

Effects of Drought Stress on Growth and Yield of Maize During Silking Period

In order to promote the drought-resistant cultivation fo maize,taking Xianyu 335 as material,through the field plot experiment,effects of drought stress on growth and yield of maize during silking peirod were studied.Through the determination of soil water content,leaf morphology and physiology,ear traits and yield index,effect of drought stress on growth and yield of maize were analyzed.The results showed that 0~20 cm,20~40 cm and 40~60 cm of soil,water content of different treatments were significantly different(P<0.05),no drought stress (T2)>drought stress last 5 days (T3)>drought stress last 10 days (T4)>drought stress last 15 days (T5)>natural growth (T1).Leaf curl was T1>T5>T4>T3>T2.Leaf stay-green trait,relative water content and SPAD value were T2>T3>T4>T5>T1.Leaf relative water content of T2 was 55.38%,5.31%,24.17% and 37.91% higher than T1,T3,T4 and T5,respectively.SPAD vaule of T2 was 38.70%,9.45%,18.97%和27.10% higher than T1,T3,T4 and T5,respectively.Drought stress had an influence on characters and yield of corn,leading to ear length shorter,bald length longer,ear diameter and grains per row decreased and yield decreased significantly (P<0.05).Yield of T2 was 50.25%,8.94%,15.06% and 28.12% higher than T1,T3,T4 and T5,respectively.