不同土壤质地与干旱程度对玉米出苗的影响

为了进一步调整细化黑龙江省干旱等级划分范围,以郑丹958为试验材料,采用盆栽称重控水法,研究不同土壤质地、不同干旱程度对玉米出苗及苗期生长的影响。结果表明:不同的土壤干旱程度对玉米出苗率、出苗时间、株高和苗期作物表象影响显著,不同质地的土壤干旱等级也各不相同。壤土土壤相对湿度在70%、粘壤土土壤相对湿度在75%、砂壤土土壤相对湿度在65%时,玉米出苗率、株高、叶面积等指标较高,适宜培育壮苗。当壤土土壤相对湿度在60%~70%、粘壤土土壤相对湿度在65%~75%、砂壤土土壤相对湿度在55%~65%时,玉米出苗率、株高、叶面积等指标均明显降低,生长受到抑制;壤土60%以下的土壤相对湿度、粘壤土65%以下的土壤相对湿度以及砂壤土55%以下的土壤相对湿度,不适宜玉米播种。

Effect of Different Soil Texture and Drought Degree on Maize Emergence

In order to adjust division of drought index of Heilongjiang province based on soil texture,taking maize variety Zhengdan 958 as test material,the effect of different soil texture and drought degree on seeding emergence rate and seeding growth of maize was researched with pot experiment.The results showed that different drought degrees had significant effect on growth and development of maize,such as seeding emergence rate,seedling time,plant height and growth state of seedlings,so division of soil drought level was various from soil texture.Seedling emergence,plant height and leaf area of maize were higher when loam soil relative moisture was 70%,clay loam soil relative humidity was 75%,and sandy loam soil relative humidity was 65%,respectively.The seeding emergence,plant height and leaf area of maize decreased remarkably when loam soil relative moisture was 60%~70%,clay loam relative soil moisture was 65%~75%,and sandy loam relative soil moisture was 55%~65%,respectively.The loam soil relative moisture was below 60%,clay loam soil relative humidity was above 65%,and sandy loam soil relative humidity was above 55%,these was not suitable for sowing.