基于3S技术的鄂尔多斯市东胜区土地利用景观格局变化分析

本文基于3S技术,采用景观生态学方法对东胜区2000年-2010年土地利用景观格局变化进行分析结果表明,研究区城镇工矿用地、林地面积持续增长,耕地、沙地和其它未利用地面积持续减少,草地和水域面积2000年-2005年增加、2005年-2010年减少,其中城镇工矿用地、林地面积增加和沙地面积减少变化显著。景观指数变化特征是:斑块数量(NP)和斑块密度增(PD)加、平均斑块面积(AREA-MN)减少,破碎度指数(CI)持续增高,景观格局逐年破碎化;香农多样性指数(SHDI)和香农均匀度指数(SHEI)增加,景观异质性提高;平均形状指数(SHAPE-MN)增加,斑块的形状由复杂趋于简单,环境资源斑块逐渐减少,引入性斑块将增加。景观类型转移主要特征是:①耕地转向草地、城镇建设用地和林地,转移面积分别是3 806.6hm2、3 679.1hm2和2 109.8hm2;②草地转向林地、城镇建设用地、耕地和未利用地,转移面积分别是3 456.9hm2、3 136.4hm2、2 552.8hm2和1 374.6hm2;③沙地和其他未利用地转向草地,转移面积分别是2 882.9hm2和3 327.3hm2;④还有638.3hm2水域转移成未利用地,1 064.5hm2林地转移成草地。

ANALYSIS OF LAND USE AND LANDSCAPE PATTERN CHANGE IN DONGSHENG DITRICT OF ORDOS CITY

This article of dongsheng district 2000-2010 with landscape ecology methods of land use and landscape pattern change analysis results showed that urban industrial and mining enterprises,woodland area of the study area continued to grow,cultivated land,sand and other not-use an area of steady decline,meadows and water area of June increase,2000-2005 reduction;and urban industrial and mining enterprises,woodland area of significant growth and rate of change of sandy land.Spot block number(NP) and spot block density increased(PD) plus,and average spot block area(AREA-MN) reduced,broken of index(CI) continued increased,landscape pattern year by year broken of;fragrant agricultural diversity index(SHDI) and fragrant agricultural uniform of index(SHEI) increased,landscape different mass sexual improve;average shape index(SHAPE-MN) increased,spot block of shape by complex tends to simple,environment resources spot block gradually reduced,introduced sexual spot block will increased.2000-2010 of landscape types transferred the main features are: ① grassland,urban construction sites and in arable land turned to woodland,transfer areas are 3 806.6hm2,3 679.1hm2 and 2 109.8hm2;② steering woodlands,grassland construction land,cultivated land and unused land in cities and towns,transfer areas are 3 456.9hm2,3 136.4hm2,2 552.8hm2 and 1 374.6hm2;③ sandy and others are not turning to grassland,Transfer area which are the 2 882.9hm2 and 3 327.3hm2;④ is also a transfer into the waters of 638.3hm2 is not used to,1 064.5hm2 transfer of forest land into grassland.