果树防霜新型产品的应用研究

为抵御我国北方地区早春时节冷空气形成的晚霜对果树的霜冻危害,采用一种新型发热发烟剂作为果树防霜新型产品在晚霜期的仁用杏园进行防霜试验。结果表明,每公顷地安置240块防霜产品时,仁用杏园温度平均提高1.5~2℃;每公顷地安置375块防霜产品时,仁用杏园温度平均提高2~3℃,且升温迅速,持续时间长;实际烟雾覆盖面积分别为仁用杏试验园面积的2~3倍和4~5倍,维持时间长达1.5 h以上,烟幕浓厚,可见度低,形成的烟雾可在果园空间形成足够的保护层来对抗寒流;2个处理的冻花率分别为6.75%,4.43%,而对照的冻花率为57.66%。

Application Research of a New Fruit Tree Defrosting Agent

To protect fruit trees in northern China against late frost damage formed by early spring cold air, a new type of heat defrosting smoke agent was used as fruit trees defrosting agent. Two dosages of new product which were tested for frost prevention at late frost period in kernel purposed apricot orchard, temperature increase, smog condition of defrosting agent and frost flower ratio were obtained under different dosages. Test results show that orchard average temperature increase 1.5 - 2 ℃per hm2 land when 240 pieces of defrosting agent were set, the average increase per hm2 land resettlement 375 pieces of defrosting agent field average temperature increase 2 ~ 3 ℃, their temperature raise quickly and duration is long. Their actual smog coverage area is 2 ~ 3 and 4 ~ 5 times than that of their theoretical value, duration time could keep more than 1.5 hours, their smoke concentration are bigger and their visibility lower. Smog could form a protective layer over orchard against the coldness. Frost flower ratio are 6.75% and 4.43%, while frost flower ratio of the control plots is 57.66%.