硝酸稀土对小麦白粉病的防治作用

选取农业常用的硝酸稀土作为试剂,研究了保护处理、诱抗处理、治疗处理3个方面对小麦白粉病的防治效果、发生动态、病斑大小的影响,以期为应用稀土防治植物病害提供理论依据。保护处理表明,供试不同质量浓度处理中,3 000 m g/L硝酸稀土保护效果最好,好于1 200倍粉锈宁,效果持久而恒定,且对1 200倍粉锈宁的保护效果有一定增效作用;从保护处理对小麦白粉病发生动态的影响来看,3 000 m g/L硝酸稀土诱导1 d,后期的保护效果较好。诱抗处理表明,2 000 m g/L硝酸稀土浸种、3 000 m g/L硝酸稀土喷叶诱导3,5 d,3种处理均有不同程度的诱抗效果;治疗处理表明,1 200倍粉锈宁治疗效果最好,3 000 m g/L硝酸稀土并未增强1 200倍粉锈宁的治疗效果。从治疗处理对病斑大小的影响来看,不同质量浓度的硝酸稀土处理中,3 000 m g/L硝酸稀土处理的病斑直径最小,好于1 200倍粉锈宁处理,且增强了1 200倍粉锈宁对病斑的抑制作用。

Effect of Rare Earth Nitrate to Wheat Powdery Mildew Control

The experiment selected common rare earth nitrate in agriculture as reagent to study the control effect,occurrence dynamics,disease spot dimension to wheat powdery mildew from protection,induced-resistant and cure treatments to provide theoretical basis for applying rare earth elements to control the plant disease.The result of protection treatment shows that in different concentration of rare earth nitrate,the concentration of rare earth nitrate in 3 000 mg/L has the best protective control effect,its effect is higher than that of 1 200 × triadimefon,persistent and constant,it can enhance the protective effect to 1 200 × triadimefon.From the effect of protection treatment to occurrence dynamics of wheat powdery,3 000 mg/L rare earth nitrate induced 1 d has the better protective effect in the late stage of diseases.The result of induced-resistant effect shows that using 2 000 mg/L rare earth nitrate to soak seed,using 3 000 mg/L rare earth nitrate to spray leaf inducing 3 d and 5 d have different induced-resistant effects.The result of cure treatment shows that 1 200 ×triadimefon has the best effect in the different cure treatments,3 000 mg/L rare earth nitrate does not enhance its effect of cure treatment.3 000 mg/L rare earth nitrate has the best cure effect among the different concentration treatments.From the effect of cure treatment to disease spot dimension of wheat powdery mildew,the result shows the treatment of 3 000 mg/L rare earth nitrate has the smallest disease spot dimension,its effect is higher than that of 1 200 × triadimefon.It can enhance the inhibition effect of 1 200 × triadimefon to disease spot dimension of wheat powdery mildew.