GIS在县域土地利用变化分析中的应用——以山西省怀仁县为例

借助GIS技术和土地利用变化指数模型,从土地利用类型布局变化和土地利用数量结构2个层面分析比较了山西省怀仁县第1次土地调查与第2次土地调查的土地利用数据,揭示该县1989—2009年的土地利用变化情况及原因。研究结果表明:(1)怀仁县的土地利用类型以耕地、林地、草地、城镇村及工矿用地为主,四者约占土地总面积的86.74%;(2)近20年来,该县各乡镇总计有50.9%的土地利用类型发生了比较明显的变化,其中园地、林地、草地、城镇村及工矿用地、水域及水利设施用地、其他土地的相对变化率较大,均有半数及半数以上乡镇的变化程度高于整个县的平均水平;(3)靠近城区的几个乡镇土地利用多样化程度高,集中化程度小,远离城区的则相反,这充分说明城市化进程在土地利用变化中起着主导作用。研究结果可为该地区的土地管理与规划、土地可持续利用等提供科学依据和决策参考。

Application of GIS in the Land Use Change Analysis at County Level——a Case Study of Huairen County in Shanxi Province

Using GIS technology and land use change index models, the land use data of the First and the Second Land Survey of Huairen County were analyzed and compared from the direction both of the distribution changes of land use types and quantitative structures of land use in the paper, and it revealed land use changes and its causes of this county from 1989 to 2009. The results showed: (1)Cultivated lands, forest lands, grass lands, and resident and industry lands which took 86.74% of.total land areas were the main land use types in Huairen County; (2)In the past 20 years, 50.9% of the land use types in this county had changed obviously, in which the relative change rates of garden lands, forest lands, grass lands, resident and industry lands, water areas and the other lands in half or more than half towns were higher than the average level of the entire county; (3) The towns near the city had a higher degree of diversity, lower degree of concentration, while the towns far away from urban areas had a lower degree of diversity, higher degree of concentration, which fully proved that the process of urbanization played a leading role in land use change. A scientific basis and decision-making reference were presented for the land management and planning、sustainable land use of the region.