贺兰山石鸡越冬期昼间行为时间分配及活动规律

2004年11月—2005年1月,在贺兰山苏峪口国家森林公园对石鸡的昼间行为时间分配和活动规律进行了研究。结果表明,石鸡昼间各种行为所占比例依次为:静息(36.12%)、觅食(30.63%)、游走(14.97%)、沙浴(9.04%)、理羽(6.22%)和其它(3.02%)。在1d中,石鸡的6种主要行为呈现出较为明显的节律性:静息的高峰出现在12:30,觅食的高峰出现在08:30,次高峰出现在16:30,游走的高峰与觅食相似,出现在09:30和16:30,沙浴和理羽的高峰均出现在11:30和14:30,其它行为在1d中变化不大。雄性石鸡的静息、沙浴和理羽稍高于雌性石鸡,而雌性石鸡的觅食、游走和其它行为则稍高于雄性石鸡。雄性石鸡的觅食最高峰和静息的最低峰出现在13:30,雌性石鸡觅食最高峰和静息的最低峰则出现在12:30。Wilcoxon检验表明,雌雄石鸡的静息、觅食、游走、沙浴、理羽和其它行为均差异不显著。

Time Budget and Activity Rhythm of Aleetoris chukar in Winter

Diurnal activity rhythm and time budget of chukar (Alectoris chukar) were studied by instantaneous and scan sampling method at Suyukou National Park in Helan Mountains during November 2004 and January 2005. Result shows that resting, accounting for 36.12%, is the principal activity of chukars, and then followed by feeding (30.63%), moving (14.97%), bathing (9.04%), preening (6.22%), and other behaviors (3.02%) in order. The main behaviors of chukars show significant rhythms in a day. The peak of resting occurs at 12:30, and that of feeding at 08:30 and 16:30. Similarly, moving behaviors frequently occur at 09:30 and 16:30. The peaks of bathing and preening are all recorded at 11:30 and 14:30. Other behaviors of chukars vary little in a day. Male chukars spend more time on resting, bathing, and preening, while female chukars spend more time on feeding, moving, and other behaviors. The highest peak of feeding and the lowest peak of resting for the males are recorded at 13:00, while those for the females at 12:30. Wilcoxon test show insignificant variations in the proportion of daytime spent on resting, feeding, walking, bathing, preening, and other activities between male and female chukars.