林分垂直结构与静态持水能力的关系

从林分垂直结构的角度入手,对黑龙江省东部山区的6种天然次生乔木林的乔木层郁闭度、蓄积量、灌木层和草本层的生物量、枯落物层和土壤层的持水能力进行调查、测定和分析。结果表明:郁闭度适当时,林内植被生长状况越好,其林分持水能力就越大,枯落物最大持水量变化幅度在46.59～86.28t/hm2,有效持水量在24.87～55.29t/hm2;土壤层的最大持水量变化幅度为3108.1～4061.8t/hm2,有效持水量变化幅度为2893.7～3736.2t/hm2。灌木层和草本层的生物量越大,持水能力大的种类越多,对枯落物的储量的增加作用就大,使枯落物的持水能力也有所增加。不同林分结构不同郁闭度影响了林下植被的种类及数量,从而影响林下植被层的持水能力。

Relationship between Forest Vertical Structure and Static Water Capability

An experiment was conducted to study the canopy density and growing stock of tree layer,the biomass of shrub layer and herb layer,and the water capability of litter layer and herb layer of six types of natural secondary forests in the eastern mountain area of Heilongjiang Province.Results showed that when the canopy density was reasonable and the vegetations in the forest grew better,the water-holding capability of the stand was larger.The maximum water-holding capacity of the litter layer changed from 46.59 to 86.28 t/hm2,and the effective water-holding capacity varied from 24.87 to 55.29 t/hm2.The maximum water-holding capacity of the soil layer ranged from 3 108.1 to 4 061.8 t/hm2,and the effective water-holding capacity was between 2 893.7 and 3 736.2 t/hm2.The larger the biomass of shrub layer and herb layer is,the more the species with large water-holding capability are,thereby,the water-holding capacity of the litter layer enlarges.Different forest structures and canopy densities affect the variety and number of vegetations in the forest;thereby influence the water capability of the undergrowth.