长白山不同林型土壤跳虫多样性特征及其影响因子

对长白山自然保护区不同林型的凋落物和土壤进行取样调查,采用Berlese-Tullgren干漏斗法分离土壤跳虫,分析了土壤跳虫群落结构和多样性与林型及土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明:不同林型间跳虫群落结构组成差异较大。杨桦林下跳虫多度和丰富度最低,其多样性指数和均匀度指数最高;阔叶红松林下跳虫多度最高,丰富度较高,其多样性指数和均匀度指数最低。跳虫物种丰富度与土壤pH呈显著负相关关系,与土壤碳氮比、土壤温度呈显著正相关关系,与土壤养分(N、P)无明显关系。土壤理化性质显著影响长白山土壤跳虫群落结构组成,不同林型间跳虫群落结构差异较大。保持地表植被多样性和土壤环境异质性对促进土壤跳虫多样性具有积极作用。

Diversity of Soil Collembola of Different Forest Types and Its Influence Factors in Changbai Mountain Nature Re-serve

We sampled and investigated the litter and soil of different forest types in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve,and used the Berlese-Tullgren dry funnel method to separate soil collembola.We analyzed the relationship between the structure and diversity of soil collembola community and forest types and soil physical and chemical properties.The results showed that the community structure and composition of collembola community structure differ greatly among different forest types.In the poplar and birch forest,the abundance and richness of collembola forest were the lowest;and its diversity index and uniformity index were the highest.In the broad-leaved Korean pine forest,the abundance was the highest,and richness was higher.The diversity index and evenness index of collembola were the lowest.The species of collembola has a significant negative correlation with soil pH,a significant positive correlation with soil C/N ratio and soil temperature,and no obvious relationship with soil nutrients(N,P).The community structure of soil collembola in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve are significantly affected by soil physical and chemical properties.And there are relatively big differences in the structure of collembola community structure among different forest types.Maintaining the diversity of surface vegetation and the heterogeneity of the soil environment has a positive effect on promoting the diversity of soil collembola.