竹笋壳表面处理及竹笋壳复合材的制备

为将竹笋壳这一生物质资源利用起来,减小环境污染,以碱处理后的竹笋壳为原料,酚醛树脂为胶黏剂,采用热压成型方法制备了竹笋壳复合材,研究了碱处理的质量分数和时间对竹笋壳表面接触角及顺纹抗拉强度的影响,分析了施胶量对竹笋壳复合材弯曲性能和24 h吸水性能的影响。结果表明:碱处理能够在一定程度上去除竹笋壳表面的硅质和蜡质,提高竹笋壳的表面润湿性,并且改变竹笋壳的力学性能。竹笋壳复合材具有较好的弯曲性能,随着施胶量的增大,竹笋壳复合材的静曲强度和弹性模量呈增大趋势,而24 h吸水率及吸水厚度膨胀率呈减小趋势。

Surface Treatment of Bamboo Shoot Shells and Preparation of Laminated Composites from Bamboo Shoot Shells

We utilized the bamboo shoot shells as new raw material to make composites, and to reduce their pollution on local environment.The bamboo shoot shells were treated by alkali solution to increase their surface properties firstly.The lami-nated composites were made from the treated bamboo shoot shells with phenolic formaldehyde(PF)resin adhesive by hot pressing method.We studied the effects of the weight fraction and time of alkali treatment on the surface contact angle and tensile strength parallel to grain of the bamboo shoot shells.We analyzed the effects of the PF resin consumption on the bending properties and 24-h water absorption properties of the laminated composites from bamboo shoot shells.The alkali treatment removed the siliceous and waxy on the surface of bamboo shoot shells to some extent,improved the surface wetta-bility of the bamboo shoot shells and changed the mechanical properties of the bamboo shoot shells.The laminated compos-ites from bamboo shoot shells had good bending performance.With the increase of the resin consumption, the bending strength and modulus of elasticity of the laminated lumbers from bamboo shoot shells were increased, and the 24-h water absorption rate and thickness swelling rate were decreased.