3个观赏型杜仲品种叶片生理特征的比较

以原阳杜仲良种繁育圃的‘红叶’杜仲(E.ulmoides‘Hongye’)、‘密叶’杜仲(E.ulmoides‘Miye’)、‘小叶’杜仲(E.ulmoides‘Xiaoye’)3个良种的2年生嫁接苗为实验材料,对叶片进行显微观测,并测定了叶片色差值、植物色素质量分数、可溶性糖质量分数、叶片pH值,分析3个杜仲品种叶片的生理生化差异。结果表明:显微镜下观测到‘红叶’杜仲的正面含有大量的红色细胞,其他品种均未观测到红色细胞;‘红叶’杜仲的亮度(L值)为28.17、变红度(a~*值)为0.96、变黄度(b~*值)为2.69,计算得到颜色指数为5.54,达到深红级别;‘红叶’杜仲品种叶绿素a质量分数(w_a)为1.100 9 mg·g~(-1)、叶绿素b质量分数(w_b)为0.454 5 mg·g~(-1)、类胡萝卜素质量分数(w_(car))为0.445 5 mg·g~(-1)、总叶绿素质量分数(w_t)为1.555 4 mg·g~(-1)、花色苷质量分数(w_A)为0.304 2 mg·g~(-1);葡萄糖质量分数为2.94 mg·g~(-1)、果糖质量分数1.20 mg·g~(-1)、蔗糖质量分数为2.12 mg·g~(-1);pH值为5.90。方差分析表明:‘红叶’杜仲叶片色差值、色素质量分数,与其他品种间均存在显著差异;但pH值、可溶性糖质量分数,3个品种间无差异。叶色差异的主要原因是色素种类及含量的不同。

Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Three Ornamental Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Varieties

With the leaves of Eucommia tdmoides ‘ Hongye’,E.ulmoides ‘ Miye’ and E.ulmoides ‘ Xiaoye’ of two-year-old grafted saplings cultured in a nursery in Yuanyang,under a microtelescope,we studied the leaf physiological characteristics including the chromatic aberration value,pigment content,soluble sugar content and pH value.There were a large number of red cells on the front of E.ulmoides ‘ Hongye’ leaf while there was no red cell on the other two varieties.Sluminance (L value) of E.ulmoides ‘ Hongye’ was 28.17.Its redness degree (a* value) was 0.96,and the yellowness degree (b * value) was 2.69.The color index of ‘ Hongye’ was 5.54,which was in crimson level.The content of chlorophyll a (wa) in E.ulmoides ‘ Hongye’ leaf was 1.100 9 mg · g-1,that of chlorophyll b (wb) was 0.454 5 mg · g-1,carotenoid content (wcar) was 0.445 5 mg· g-1,and total chlorophyll content (wt) was 1.555 4 mg· g-1.The contents of anthocyanins (wA),glucose,fructose,and sucrose were 0.304 2,2.94,1.20,and 2.12 mg· g-1,respectively.The pH value was 5.90.According to variance analysis,the chromatic aberration value and pigment content were significantly different between E.ulmoides ‘ Hongye’ and other varieties while there was no significant difference of pH value and soluble sugar content among three varieties.The leaf color difference among the three varieties could be explained by the difference of pigment types and contents.