辽东林区长白落叶松人工林植物群落多样性

采用样带网格调查方法和α、β多样性指数分析方法,分析辽东林区近50年生长白落叶松(Larix olgensis Henry)人工林的结构特征、植物多样性,探讨长白落叶松人工林自然化过程及其自然化经营模式。结果表明:(1)辽东林区长白落叶松人工林群落具有明显的自然化现象。坡下部,形成了长白落叶松、水曲柳(Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr)占优势的针阔混交林;坡中部,形成了长白落叶松、花曲柳(Fraxinus rhynchophylla)、水曲柳占优势的针阔混交林;坡上部,形成了长白落叶松、花曲柳占优势的针阔混交林。(2)辽东林区长白落叶松人工林群落具有较高的植物多样性,坡中部生物多样性最高。(3)辽东山区长白落叶松人工林的自然经营,应充分利用长白落叶松先锋树种作用及其群落的自然演替规律,依靠自然力恢复阔叶树种。

Plant Community Diversity of Larix olgensis Henry Plantations in the Eastern Forest Region of Liaoning Province

We studied the structure characteristics and plant diversity of Larix olgensis Henry plantations in nearly fifty years in the eastern forest region of Liaoning Province by sample strip-grid investigation method, and α, β diversity indices analytical method, and discussed naturalization process and naturalization managing model.Results showed: ①There was obvious naturalization phenomena in L.olgensis plantation community in the eastern forest region of Liaoning Province in lower slope, with mixed broadleaf-conifer forest that L.olgensis and Fraxinus mandschurica Rupr in dominance.In mid-slope, there was mixed broadleaf-conifer forest that L.olgensis Henry, F.rhynchophylla and F.mandschurica were dominant.In upper slope, there was mixed broadleaf-conifer forest that L.olgensis Henry and F.rhynchophylla in dominance.②There was higher plant diversity in L.olgensis Henry plantatioin community, and biodiversity was highest in mid-slope.③Naturalization management of L.olgensis plantations in the eastern forest region of Liaoning Province should take full advantage of the role of pioneer tree species of L.olgensis and the law of natural succession, depending on natural force to recovery broad-leaf species.