平欧杂种榛果实经济性状与综合评价

为了对优良品种的选育提供科学依据,以进入盛果期的不同品系平欧杂种榛果实为研究对象,采用方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析对果实经济性状进行统计分析。结果表明:供试平欧杂种榛的坚果质量2.10~3.90 g,坚果三径均值16.80~22.39 mm,果仁质量0.85~1.50 g,果壳厚度1.38~2.17 mm,果腔系数0.60~0.89,出仁率25.05%~45.32%;供试平欧杂种榛品系坚果性状、果仁性状和出仁性状之间均存在显著差异,变异系数7.60%~35.49%;在品种选育时,坚果、果仁的质量和整齐度选择空间最大,坚果形状指数和三径均值以及果仁三径均值的选择余地最小,各经济性状间存在不同程度的相关性,通过聚类分析,将供试平欧杂种榛划分为3类;影响平欧杂种榛果实经济性状的主要指标为出仁率、果腔系数、果仁质量、果仁形状指数和壳厚。根据经济性状的综合得分值,筛选出84-41、83-33、B-21、B-3和84-310等品系的坚果综合经济性状较优。

Evaluation of Fruit Economic Traits of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellane

With different Corylus heterophylla×C.avellane lines entering full fruit stage,the experiment was conducted to analyze and evaluate the fruit economic traits for the breeding of fine C.heterophylla×C.avellane lines.Variance analysis,correlation analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the economic traits of fruits,and the grade was classified according to the standard of hazelnut quality grade.The results showed that nut weight varied from 2.10 g to 3.90 g,nut size varied from 16.80 mm tO22.39 mm,kernel weight varied from 0.85 g to 1.50 g,shell thickness varied from 1.38 mm tO2.17 mm,kernel plumpness varied from 0.60 to 0.89 and kernel content varied from 25.05%to 45.32%.There were significant differences in the nut traits,kernel traits and processing traits among the candidate C.heterophylla×C.avellane lines,and the variation coefficients(CV)varied from 57.60% to 35.49%.The CV of weight and size variation of nut and kernel reached the maximum,indicating the high potential selectivity in the population when breeding varieties.While the nut shape index,nut size and kernel size showed the lowest potential selectivity.There were different degrees relationships between paired economic traits.The candidate C.heterophylla×C.avellane could be divided into three categories by cluster analysis.The kernel content and kernel plumpness were the main indicators affecting the fruit economic traits of C.heterophylla×C.avellane,and then the kernel weight,kernel shape index and shell thickness.According to the comprehensive scores from fruit economic traits,five lines of 84-41,83-33,B-21,B-3 and 84-310 were selected as the fine cultivars.