长白落叶松优树选择效果的评价

利用黑龙江省林口县青山林场长白落叶松自由授粉子代林资料,分析和探讨了优势木、精选树的选择效果及遗传增益,并提出了合理的落叶松育种策略。优势木、中等木、劣等木3个等级的自由授粉子代林树高、胸径和材积等10个性状家系间差异都未达显著水平,亲本与子代性状相关也不显著,说明表型选择效果一般。优势木自由授粉子代树高、材积、冠型、干型等性状遗传力虽处于中低等水平,但优势木材积、树高等性状值仍具有一定优势,在早期缺少结实等数据情况下,还应重视优树选择。15年生时,精选树与优势木相比优势十分明显,树高、胸径和材积分别大4.8%、9.9%和23.2%。由于落叶松生长性状早晚相关显著,应采取能够获得遗传增益较高的1.5代无性系种子园的营建策略来大量生产优良种子。

Evaluation on Selective Effect of Larix olgensis Superior Trees

An experiment was conducted to study the selective effect of dominant tree and elite tree,and its genetic gain was analyzed by means of the data from the progeny test plantation for open pollinated families of Larix olgensis in Linkou County,Heilongjiang Province.Results indicate that there are no significant differences in height,diameter at breast height,crown diameter,volume,ratio of height to diameter,central diameter and branch angle between dominant tree,intermediate tree and inferior tree from three grades of natural forests,and the correlation between the parent and the progeny is unobvious,indicating an unsatisfactory effect of phenotype selection.Although the heritabilities of tree height,volume,crown shape and bole shape of dominant tree of open pollinated progeny are at medium or low level,there are some potentials for tree height and volume.It is necessary to select superior tree under the condition of low fruiting rate at early stage.The tree height,diameter at breast height and volume of 15-year-old superior trees are significantly higher than those of dominant trees,increasing by 4.8%,9.9% and 23.2%,respectively.Such a measure should be adopted to produce superior seeds of L.olgensis by setting up 1.5 generation seed orchard with high genetic gain due to a significant correlation between early and late periods.