铅锌矿区土壤细菌群落多样性分析

对黑龙江省铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染与土壤中细菌群落结构多样性间的关系进行了研究,并分析了土壤的理化性质和土壤酶活性。PCR-DGGE图谱、DGGE聚类分析图谱、细菌群落丰富度(S)均表明土壤细菌群落结构随着重金属污染程度的加剧发生了相应变化,Shannon-Weaver指数达极显著水平差异(P<0.01),且显著低于非矿区土壤。铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染严重,铅锌质量分数较非矿区有明显地增加;土壤酶活性与非矿区土壤酶活性均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),土壤重金属质量分数与土壤酶活性呈显著负相关。可见,铅锌矿区重金属污染导致土壤环境质量发生变化,严重影响着土壤中细菌群落结构多样性。

Bacterial Community Diversity in Mining Area Polluted by Lead and Zinc

A study was performed to discuss the relationship between heavy metal contents and bacterial community diversity in the soil polluted by Pb and Zn in mining area of Heilongjiang Province.The soil physico-chemistry properties and enzyme activities were analyzed.The DGGE pattern,cluster analysis of DGGE and bacterial community richness showed that bacterial community structure changed with increasing contamination.Compared with non-mine soils,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the bacterial communities in the mining area decreased observably(P<0.01).The soils in the mining area were severely polluted by Pb and Zn due to the obvious increase in Pb and Zn contents in the mining area as compared with those in the non-mine area.There were highly significant differences in soil enzyme activities between the mining soils and the non-mine soils(P<0.01).The soil heavy metal contents were significantly positively correlated with soil enzyme activities.Soil heavy metals in the mining area resulted in the change in environmental quality,which strongly influenced the structure of bacterial communities.