不同亲本起源的三倍体毛白杨叶绿体性状的变异

利用7个毛白杨不同亲本起源的三倍体无性系和3个二倍体无性系对叶绿体大小、数目、单位体积叶绿体DNA含量和单个细胞叶绿体DNA含量等性状进行了研究。结果表明:大部分三倍体毛白杨与二倍体亲本在叶绿体大小上差异不大;叶绿体数目则随着倍数的增加而增加,其中卵细胞染色体加倍成功的三倍体达到极显著水平;在单位体积、单个细胞叶绿体DNA含量方面,花粉染色体加倍的三倍体比卵细胞染色体加倍的三倍体变异更加显著,其中单位体积叶绿体DNA量的增加与单个细胞DNA量成正比,而与单位体积叶绿体数目关系不大。总之,加倍前后毛白杨叶绿体性状的变异,并不完全随着倍性的增加而增加,与亲本的特性关系密切,有偏母性遗传趋势。

Trait Variation of Chloroplast in Triploid Populus tomentosa from Different Hybrid Parents

An experiment was conducted to study the size,amount,DNA content of chloroplast using seven triploid Populus tomentosa clones and three diploid P.tomentosa clones from different hybrid parents as testing materials.Results reveal that there is an unobvious difference in chloroplast size between most triploid Populus tomentosa and their parents,while the chloroplast number clearly increases with chromosome doubling;especially the triploid P.tomentosa clones from female gamete doubling reach the most significant level.Variations in chloroplast DNA contents per unit volume or per cell in triploid P.tomentosa from male gamete doubling are more significant than those from female ones.Chloroplast DNA content per unit volume is directly proportional to chloroplast DNA content per cell,while it is not closely correlated with chloroplast number per unit volume.Multiple traits of chloroplast incompletely increase with polyploidy increasing,and are interrelated with their parents'characters.