温度和叶表化学物质对松杨栅锈菌夏孢子萌发的影响

松杨栅锈菌夏孢子萌发适宜温度范围为10～24℃,最适温度20℃左右。供试的2菌株对温度有不同的依赖性。TH菌株温度适应性范围较宽,GL菌株较窄。在最适温度范围内,供试的2个菌株呈现相同的萌发动力学模式,萌发最大速率出现在4～12h,温度越高,最大萌发速率出现时间越晚,并随时间的延长,萌发速率逐渐减小。在5、30℃,萌发速率有2～3个峰值,第1峰值最大,第2、第3峰值逐渐减小或消失。26℃下峰值呈现过渡型状态,有1个较小的次高峰。供试的2菌株,TH的萌发速率较GL稍高并在出现时间上略前。最适萌发条件下,石油醚、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、水的卜氏杨和毛白杨提取物对松杨栅锈菌夏孢子萌发有不同的影响。毛白杨所有提取物在接种12h内,均抑制夏孢子的萌发,而卜氏杨乙醚提取物则促进夏孢子萌发,其余则抑制夏孢子萌发。所有水提取物在接种12h均表现为抑制作用。接种12～24h,2种杨树叶片正丁醇萃取物对夏孢子萌发速率均有一定程度的促进作用。

Effect of Temperature and Leaf Extractions on the Germination of Melampsora larici-populina Klebon Wrediospore

The optimal temperatures for germination of urediospores of Melampsora larici-populina range from 10 degrees C to 24 degrees C,and the optimum temperature is around 20 degrees C. Isolate TH has a wider temperature scope than isolate GL. Under the optimal temperature,both isolates showed similar dynamic model,and the highest germination speed occurred between 4 h and 12 h after inoculating. The higher the temperature was,the later the highest germination speed occurred. At 5 degrees C and 30 degrees C,the tw...