剑湖大型底栖动物群落结构及多样性

在剑湖选择11个采样点，于2011年1月、4月、6月和10月按季度4次对大型底栖动物进行采样调查，共发现大型底栖动物52种，主要为软体动物、水生昆虫和环节动物种类。大型底栖动物的密度和生物量时空分布差异明显，密度表现为冬季＞春季＞夏季＞秋季；生物量表现为夏季＞春季＞秋季＞冬季。各采样点全年密度为16～23840个/m2，最高密度出现在采样点A左，最低密度则在采样点E右；生物量全年为1.68～2343.47 g/m2，以采样点D最高，采样点I最低。Margalef丰富度指数全年为0.10～2.75，最高值出现在秋季，最低值出现在夏季；Shannon -Wiener 指数、Simpson生物指数和Pielou均匀度指数全年分别为0.09～1.09、0.03～0.65和0.03～1.43，最高值均出现在夏季，最低值均出现在冬季。

The Community Structure and Biodiversity of Benthic Macroinvertebrate in Jianhu Lake

A quarterly survey on benthic macroinvertebrate was conducted at 1 1 sampling plots in Jianhu Lake in January,April,June and October of 2011.A total of 52 species mainly belonging to Mollusca,Insecta and Annelida were observed.There were significant differences in temporal and spatial distribution of density and biomass of the benthic macroinvertebrate in Jianhu Lake,the temporal density distribution was showed in the order as winter〉spring〉summer〉autumn,while the temporal biomass distribution was ordered as summer〉spring〉autumn〉winter.The annually horizontal distribution of the density at the 1 1 sampling plots was ranged from 16 ind/m2 to 23 840 ind/m2 ,the highest density was found at Plot A left,and the lowest density was observed at Plot E right.The annually horizontal distribution of the biomass was ranged from 1.68 g/m2 to 2 343.47 g/m2 ,the highest point of biomass was Plot D,the lowest point of biomass was Plot I.Margalef index throughout the year between 0.10-2.75,the maximum value appears in autumn,the minimum value appeared in summer.Shannon-Wiener index′s variation range was 0.01 -1.09,Simpson Biology index was 0.03 -0.65,Pielou evenness index was 0.03-1.43.And they had the same peak value and minimum value in the season,the peak value in summer, the minimum value in winter.