河北小五台山18种蒿属植物果皮微形态学研究

光镜和扫描电镜观察了小五台山18种1变种蒿属(Artemisia L.)植物的果皮纹饰特征。结果表明:光镜下果皮纹饰在属内具有极大的相似性,表现为纵条纹状;扫描电镜下果皮纹饰差异明显,依其特征可分为光滑波纹状、光滑搓板样梯形、宽粗糙搓板样梯形和窄粗糙搓板样梯形等4种类型。不同海拔高度,同种植物果皮纹饰稳定,近缘种的纹饰相似。在研究的5个组中,组内纹饰相似性大,组间某些种有交叉现象。说明蒿属植物果皮微形态特征在该属分类与系统进化研究中有一定意义,可以作为分类的辅助依据。

Study on pericarp morphology of eighteen species of Artemisia L. in the Xiaowutai mountains

An observation was made on the pericarp morphology of eighteen species and one variety belonging to Sect.Absiuthium DC., Sect.Abrotanum Bess.,Sect.Artemisia,Sect.Dracunculus(Bess.) Peterm and Sect.Latilobus Y.R.Ling of Artemisia L.in the Xiaowutai Mountains of Northern China under Light Microscope(LM)and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The results showed that the shape of pericarp was similar,and presented vertical striation in the genus under LM;under the SEM pericarp patterns showed two types: smooth and coarse,and sub-types including ripple of smooth,washboard and ladder of smooth,washboard and ladder of coarse.Patterns of the same species are steady along an altitude gradient,and the relative species presented significant similarity.In the five sections observed,the pattern was obviously similar in the same section,and the crossed phenomenon existed between the sections.The results suggest that the microstructure characteristics have certain significance in taxonomy,phylogeny and evolution of Artemisia,and therefore may be used as a supplementary indicator.