致病疫霉拮抗菌筛选及复合发酵液的抑菌作用研究

为了利用微生物源活性物质控制马铃薯晚疫病,对显著抑制致病疫霉菌丝生长的拮抗微生物进行了筛选,并研究其单一发酵液和复合发酵液对致病疫霉的抑制作用。结果表明:从36种微生物中筛选出了16种对致病疫霉菌丝生长有显著抑制作用的微生物,其中B3282(细菌)、枯草芽孢杆菌和A32810(放线菌)这3种微生物的抑菌率均在70%以上;A4228、A32912、A5253和A32914等4种放线菌的抑菌率均在60%以上。对36种微生物单一发酵液的抑菌试验表明:仅白菜黑斑病菌、梨黑斑病菌和A32914的发酵液对致病疫霉表现出较强的抑制作用,抑菌率分别为80.51%、70.20%和48.91%;进一步将36种单一发酵液两两复合后发现,部分复合发酵液表现出了明显的增效作用,其中抑菌率最高及增效作用最强的是梨黑斑病菌和白菜黑斑病菌浓度为10 mg/ mL的复合发酵液,抑菌率达90.38%。

Screening of antagonistic strains and inhibition of combination fermentation against Phytophthora infestans

Different antagonistic microorganism strains were selected according to their inhibition ef- fect on growth of Phytophthora infestans(Mont.)de Bary by using dual-culture method.Among 36 species,16 species showed the evident inhibition effect.The inhibition rates of B3282,Bacillus sp.,and A32810 were more than 70%,and rates of A4228,A32912,A5253,and A32914 were more than 60%.However,there were only fermentations from 3 of 36 species,A.brassicae,A. kikuchiana,and A32914 displaying remarkable suppression.And their inhibition rates were 80.51%,70.20%,and 48.91%,respectively.It was found that some of combination fermenta- tions from two species microorganism's fermentations showed significantly synergistic or cooperation inhibition to P.infestans.The treatment of A.brassicae fermentation in combination with A. kikuchiana fermentation had the strongest inhibition,and the rate of which reached up to 90.38 %.